Características del consumo de alcohol, sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa en estudiantes universitarios
Date
2019-11-11
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como propósito analizar la posible relación entre las
características del consumo de alcohol, la sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa en un grupo
de estudiantes universitarios. La muestra está conformada por 73 estudiantes de una
universidad privada de Lima Metropolitana de entre 18 y 24 años (M=19.07; DE=1.50), en
su mayoría mujeres (75.3 %). La medición de las características de consumo de alcohol se
realizó a través de la Encuesta de Consumo de Alcohol (Arana, 2013); mientras que la
sintomatología depresiva mediante la versión argentina (Brenlla y Rodríguez, 2006) del
Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI-II). A su vez, la sintomatología ansiosa fue medida
con la versión española (Sanz, 2011) del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI). Si bien los
resultados no reportaron relación significativa entre las variables de estudio, se encontró
que la prevalencia del binge drinking fue de 37.99%. Además, la prevalencia de varones
fue mayor en los episodios de exceso de consumo de alcohol. Asimismo, otras de las
sustancias más consumidas fueron el tabaco y las pastillas sin receta médica. Sobre las
sintomatologías, se hallaron niveles de depresión mínimos con diferencias significativas en
la dimensión cognitiva entre quienes no repitieron cursos por segunda vez de los que sí lo
hicieron. La sintomatología ansiosa fue leve y sin diferencias significativas según sexo ni
repitencia de cursos. En conclusión, a pesar de la ausencia de relación entre las variables
estudiadas, hay una importante prevalencia de consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias, así
como de depresión y ansiedad, que podría afectar negativamente a los participantes.
The purpose of this research was to analyze the possible relationship between the characteristics of alcohol consumption, and depressive and anxious symptomatology in a group of college students. The sample consisted of 73 students from a private university in Lima metropolitan area whose ages were between 18 and 24 years old (M = 19.07, SD = 1.50), mostly women (75.3%). The measurement of alcohol consumption characteristics was made through the Alcohol Consumption Survey (Arana, 2013), while depressive symptomatology was measured through the Argentine version (Brenlla y Rodríguez, 2006) of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Concurrently, anxious symptomatology was measured through the Spanish version (Sanz, 2011) of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Although the results did not report a significant relationship between the study variables, it was found that the prevalence of binge drinking was 37.99%. In addition, the male prevalence was higher for episodes of excess of alcohol consumption. Also, other of the most consumed substances were tobacco and pills without prescription. In respect of symptomatology, minimal levels of depression were found with significant differences in the cognitive dimension among those who did not repeat courses for the second time from those who did. The anxious symptomatology was mild without significant differences according to sex or repetition of courses. In conclusion, despite the absence of a relationship between the variables studied, there is an important prevalence of alcohol and other substances, as well as depression and anxiety, which could negatively affect the participants.
The purpose of this research was to analyze the possible relationship between the characteristics of alcohol consumption, and depressive and anxious symptomatology in a group of college students. The sample consisted of 73 students from a private university in Lima metropolitan area whose ages were between 18 and 24 years old (M = 19.07, SD = 1.50), mostly women (75.3%). The measurement of alcohol consumption characteristics was made through the Alcohol Consumption Survey (Arana, 2013), while depressive symptomatology was measured through the Argentine version (Brenlla y Rodríguez, 2006) of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Concurrently, anxious symptomatology was measured through the Spanish version (Sanz, 2011) of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Although the results did not report a significant relationship between the study variables, it was found that the prevalence of binge drinking was 37.99%. In addition, the male prevalence was higher for episodes of excess of alcohol consumption. Also, other of the most consumed substances were tobacco and pills without prescription. In respect of symptomatology, minimal levels of depression were found with significant differences in the cognitive dimension among those who did not repeat courses for the second time from those who did. The anxious symptomatology was mild without significant differences according to sex or repetition of courses. In conclusion, despite the absence of a relationship between the variables studied, there is an important prevalence of alcohol and other substances, as well as depression and anxiety, which could negatively affect the participants.
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Keywords
Alcoholismo--Aspectos psicológicos, Juventud--Uso de alcohol, Depresión mental, Ansiedad, Estudiantes universitarios--Investigaciones
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