Informe jurídico sobre la Resolución Final N° 007-2025/CC3
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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A raíz del incidente operativo ocurrido el 4 de mayo de 2024, que generó la duplicación de
transacciones en las cuentas de los clientes del Banco Internacional del Perú (Interbank), el
Instituto Nacional de Defensa de la Competencia y de la Protección de la Propiedad
Intelectual (Indecopi) inició un procedimiento administrativo sancionador contra la entidad
financiera por la presunta vulneración de los artículos 2 y 19 del Código de Protección y
Defensa del Consumidor, referidos al deber de información y al principio de idoneidad.
A continuación, abordamos dos cuestiones principales: (i) si efectivamente se configuró una
infracción por parte de Interbank, y (ii) en caso sea afirmativo, si la medida complementaria
impuesta —la implementación de un Programa de Cumplimiento Normativo (PCN)— fue
razonable y proporcional.
Respecto al primer punto, el análisis de doctrina, normativa sectorial y jurisprudencia permite
concluir que Indecopi es competente para conocer el caso y que Interbank vulneró los
deberes mencionados, afectando a 266,230 usuarios. En cuanto al segundo punto, se
recurrió a doctrina comparada y precedentes de la Comisión de Defensa de la Libre
Competencia del Indecopi para evaluar la razonabilidad de la medida impuesta. Se concluye
que la exigencia de implementar un PCN fue adecuada, proporcional y conforme al marco
normativo vigente. No obstante, se identificaron deficiencias en su ejecución y pocos
parámetros para su cumplimiento.
Pese a ello, la medida representa un avance relevante en la protección de los consumidores
y en la promoción de buenas prácticas en el sistema financiero.
Following the operational incident that occurred on May 4, 2024—which resulted in the duplication of transactions in the accounts of clients of Banco Internacional del Perú (Interbank)—the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property (Indecopi) initiated an administrative sanctioning procedure against the financial institution for the alleged violation of Articles 2 and 19 of the Consumer Protection and Defense Code, concerning the duty to inform and the principle of suitability. This report addresses two main issues: (i) whether Interbank indeed committed an infringement, and (ii) if so, whether the supplementary measure imposed—the implementation of a Regulatory Compliance Program (RCP)—was reasonable and proportionate. Regarding the first issue, the analysis of legal doctrine, sector-specific regulations, and case law supports the conclusion that Indecopi is competent to adjudicate the matter and that Interbank breached the duties, thereby affecting 266,230 users. As for the second issue, comparative legal doctrine and precedents from Indecopi’s Commission for the Defense of Free Competition were consulted to assess the reasonableness of the imposed measure. It is concluded that the requirement to implement an RCP was appropriate, proportionate, and consistent with the current regulatory framework. Nonetheless, deficiencies were identified in its execution, along with a lack of clear parameters for its enforcement. Despite these shortcomings, the measure represents a significant step forward in consumer protection and in the promotion of best practices within the financial system.
Following the operational incident that occurred on May 4, 2024—which resulted in the duplication of transactions in the accounts of clients of Banco Internacional del Perú (Interbank)—the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property (Indecopi) initiated an administrative sanctioning procedure against the financial institution for the alleged violation of Articles 2 and 19 of the Consumer Protection and Defense Code, concerning the duty to inform and the principle of suitability. This report addresses two main issues: (i) whether Interbank indeed committed an infringement, and (ii) if so, whether the supplementary measure imposed—the implementation of a Regulatory Compliance Program (RCP)—was reasonable and proportionate. Regarding the first issue, the analysis of legal doctrine, sector-specific regulations, and case law supports the conclusion that Indecopi is competent to adjudicate the matter and that Interbank breached the duties, thereby affecting 266,230 users. As for the second issue, comparative legal doctrine and precedents from Indecopi’s Commission for the Defense of Free Competition were consulted to assess the reasonableness of the imposed measure. It is concluded that the requirement to implement an RCP was appropriate, proportionate, and consistent with the current regulatory framework. Nonetheless, deficiencies were identified in its execution, along with a lack of clear parameters for its enforcement. Despite these shortcomings, the measure represents a significant step forward in consumer protection and in the promotion of best practices within the financial system.
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Protección de datos--Legislación--Perú, Sanciones administrativas, Procedimiento administrativo--Perú, Responsabilidad administrativa
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