Políticas públicas en el sector peruano de hidrocarburos: Un enfoque desde los casos FEPC y FISE
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El presente Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional (TSP) muestra la importancia de
aplicar herramientas económicas al análisis de políticas públicas en el sector
energético. La experiencia adquirida como economista entre 2021 y 2024, desde
practicante hasta analista en OSINERGMIN y la consultora PROVEEMOS, permite
analizar dos políticas clave: el Fondo de Estabilización de Precios de los Combustibles
(FEPC) y el Fondo de Inclusión Social Energético (FISE). Este análisis sobre el diseño,
implementación y supervisión de las políticas, se apoya en la teoría de los incentivos,
que muestra cómo factores como subsidios, descuentos o sanciones influyen en la
toma de decisiones (Li y Xie, 2018), y en la regulación económica, que busca corregir
fallas de mercado como la información incompleta o los monopolios naturales
(Vásquez et al., 2016). Se empleó un enfoque de sistematización de experiencia
profesional, basado en observación directa, revisión documental y participación
operativa. En el FEPC, participé en el registro diario de precios y cálculo de multas;
en el FISE, en la evaluación del subsidio y su focalización. Como conclusión, se
rescata que esta experiencia permitió aplicar conceptos económicos en contextos
reales y reflexionar sobre su utilidad para mejorar la práctica profesional en políticas
energéticas.
This Professional Competency Work (TSP) highlights the importance of applying economic tools to the analysis of public policies in the energy sector. The experience gained as an economist between 2021 and 2024, from intern to analyst at OSINERGMIN and the consulting firm PROVEEMOS, provides a direct perspective on two key policies: the Fuel Price Stabilization Fund (FEPC) and the Social Energy Inclusion Fund (FISE). This analysis of the design, implementation, and oversight of these policies is grounded in incentive theory—which shows how factors such as subsidies, discounts, or penalties influence decision-making (Li & Xie, 2018)—and economic regulation theory, which seeks to correct market failures such as incomplete information or natural monopolies (Vásquez et al., 2016). A professional experience systematization approach was used, based on direct observation, document review, and operational participation. In the case of the FEPC, the work involved daily price recording and penalty calculation; for the FISE, it included the evaluation of the subsidy and its targeting. In conclusion, this experience allowed for the practical application of economic concepts and offered valuable insights into how they can enhance professional practice in the development and supervision of energy policies.
This Professional Competency Work (TSP) highlights the importance of applying economic tools to the analysis of public policies in the energy sector. The experience gained as an economist between 2021 and 2024, from intern to analyst at OSINERGMIN and the consulting firm PROVEEMOS, provides a direct perspective on two key policies: the Fuel Price Stabilization Fund (FEPC) and the Social Energy Inclusion Fund (FISE). This analysis of the design, implementation, and oversight of these policies is grounded in incentive theory—which shows how factors such as subsidies, discounts, or penalties influence decision-making (Li & Xie, 2018)—and economic regulation theory, which seeks to correct market failures such as incomplete information or natural monopolies (Vásquez et al., 2016). A professional experience systematization approach was used, based on direct observation, document review, and operational participation. In the case of the FEPC, the work involved daily price recording and penalty calculation; for the FISE, it included the evaluation of the subsidy and its targeting. In conclusion, this experience allowed for the practical application of economic concepts and offered valuable insights into how they can enhance professional practice in the development and supervision of energy policies.
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Hidrocarburos--Política gubernamental--Perú, Política energética--Perú, Perú--Condiciones económicas--Siglo XXI
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