Síntesis y caracterización de un complejo quelato de cobre(ii) basado en un ligando del tipo base de Schiff y derivatizado con grupos afines a las placas aβ-amiloides para establecer un radiomarcador “PET” alternativo en el diagnóstico del Alzheimer
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2019-09-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En el diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer con tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET), la principal problemática radica en el uso de radioisótopos tradicionales (18F, 11C) los cuales limitan el correcto desempeño de los agentes de imagen PET sobre las placas Aβ-amiloides. El [11C]-PIB, el [18F]-florbetapir y el [18F]-florbetaben representan algunos ejemplos de lo mencionado. Actualmente, los complejos quelatos de radioisótopos de metales de transición prometen ser una tentadora y potencial solución para tal problemática. De este grupo destacan los quelatos radiomarcados con 64Cu y compatibles con las placas Aβ. Sin embargo, la gran mayoría de estos casos todavía no son del todo exitosos. Por esta razón, y en base a las nuevas necesidades, se propone un nuevo complejo de cobre(II) basado en un ligando con grupos afines a las placas Aβ-amiloides cuya formación involucra cuatro etapas sintéticas. La formación del nuevo complejo se basa en la aplicación del efecto template o “plantilla” por parte del cobre(II); de esta manera, se logra producir un producto de alta pureza y con un rendimiento de 92 %. En base a los resultados de la caracterización por espectroscopías FT-IR, UV-VIS y de fluorescencia, y espectrometría ESI-MS, se concluye que el nuevo complejo de cobre(II) presenta una estructura del tipo quelato, cuyo centro metálico es probablemente tetracoordinado, con geometría cuadrada plana dada por los átomos dadores (N,N,O,O) de un ligando tipo base de Schiff simétrico y derivatizado con restos de benzotiazol con potencial capacidad de afinidad sobre las placas Aβ-amiloides. De esta manera y en base a la nueva propuesta química, se podría establecer un futuro radiomarcador “PET” de interés para el diagnóstico del Alzheimer.
In the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease with positron emission tomography (PET), the main problem lies in the use of traditional radioisotopes (18F, 11C) which limit the correct performance of imaging agents PET on Aβ-amyloid plaques. [11C]-PIB, [18F]-florbetapir and [18F]-florbetaben represent some examples of the above. Currently, complex chelates of transition metal radioisotopes show promise as a potential solution to this problem. In this group, the chelates radiolabelled with 64Cu and compatible with the Aβ plaques stand out. However, the majority of them are still not entirely successful. For this reason, and based on the current demands, a novel copper(II) complex with a ligand based on the same groups that have showed affinity for the Aβ-amyloid plaques have been synthesized in four synthetic steps. The formation of this complex is based on the application of the template effect by copper(II) to produce a compound of high purity and with a yield of 92 %. Based on the results of the characterization by FT-IR, UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy and ESI-MS spectrometry, we can conclude that the new copper(II) complex has a chelate type structure, whose metal center is likely tetracoordinated showing a flat square geometry imposed by the donor atoms (N,N,O,O) of a symmetric Schiff base ligand derivatized with benzothiazole residues, with potential affinity for Aβ-amyloid plaques. Therefore, we propose this compound could be a future possible “PET” radioagent for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
In the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease with positron emission tomography (PET), the main problem lies in the use of traditional radioisotopes (18F, 11C) which limit the correct performance of imaging agents PET on Aβ-amyloid plaques. [11C]-PIB, [18F]-florbetapir and [18F]-florbetaben represent some examples of the above. Currently, complex chelates of transition metal radioisotopes show promise as a potential solution to this problem. In this group, the chelates radiolabelled with 64Cu and compatible with the Aβ plaques stand out. However, the majority of them are still not entirely successful. For this reason, and based on the current demands, a novel copper(II) complex with a ligand based on the same groups that have showed affinity for the Aβ-amyloid plaques have been synthesized in four synthetic steps. The formation of this complex is based on the application of the template effect by copper(II) to produce a compound of high purity and with a yield of 92 %. Based on the results of the characterization by FT-IR, UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy and ESI-MS spectrometry, we can conclude that the new copper(II) complex has a chelate type structure, whose metal center is likely tetracoordinated showing a flat square geometry imposed by the donor atoms (N,N,O,O) of a symmetric Schiff base ligand derivatized with benzothiazole residues, with potential affinity for Aβ-amyloid plaques. Therefore, we propose this compound could be a future possible “PET” radioagent for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Tomografía, Enfermedad de Alzheimer--Diagnóstico por imágenes, Ligandos, Compuestos organometálicos
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