El rol docente en el fomento del aprendizaje cooperativo en niños de nivel inicial
Date
2023-05-29
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivos analizar la relación entre las
características del desarrollo cognitivo y social de los niños preescolares y el
desarrollo de la cooperación, y también, describir las orientaciones pedagógicas que
brinda el aprendizaje cooperativo para promover la cooperación en el aula y las
características del rol docente que apoyan el desarrollo de la cooperación. Esta
investigación se ubica en la línea de estudios sobre el desarrollo y educación infantil
y utiliza el método de investigación documental para analizar y discutir las teorías e
investigaciones sobre el desarrollo de la cooperación, el aprendizaje cooperativo y el
rol docente que la promueve. Se pone en discusión la importancia de conocer,
comprender e implementar metodologías de aprendizaje cooperativo que contribuyan
a superar prácticas docentes que sostienen el individualismo y la competitividad en
las aulas. A partir de la discusión, se concluye que la cooperación es tanto un acto
cognitivo como una competencia social y es una meta imprescindible del desarrollo
integral del niño. En este sentido, el maestro debe reconocer las orientaciones y
estrategias del aprendizaje cooperativo más adecuadas para el nivel de desarrollo del
niño y diseñar actividades que construyan un clima de aula que fomente el desarrollo
de la cooperación. Esta investigación brinda una comprensión integral de la
cooperación, además, resalta su dimensión moral, a través de la reflexión sobre el
paradigma constructivista como el marco más idóneo desde donde el docente puede
ejercer su rol para fomentar el desarrollo de la cooperación en la Educación Inicial.
The present investigation has as objectives to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the cognitive and social development of preschool children and the development of cooperation, and also to describe the pedagogical orientations that cooperative learning provides to promote cooperation in the classroom and the characteristics of the teaching role that support the development of cooperation. This research is located in the line of studies on child development and education and uses the documentary research method to analyze and discuss the theories and research on the development of cooperation, cooperative learning and the teaching role that promotes it. The importance of knowing, understanding and implementing cooperative learning methodologies that contribute to overcoming teaching practices that support individualism and competitiveness in the classroom is discussed. From the discussion, it is concluded that cooperation is both a cognitive act and a social competence and is an essential goal of the integral development of the child. In this sense, the teacher must recognize the orientations and strategies of cooperative learning that are most appropriate for the level of development of the child and design activities that build a classroom climate that encourages the development of cooperation. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of cooperation, in addition, highlights its moral dimension, through reflection on the constructivist paradigm as the most suitable framework from which the teacher can exercise his role to promote the development of cooperation in Early Education.
The present investigation has as objectives to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the cognitive and social development of preschool children and the development of cooperation, and also to describe the pedagogical orientations that cooperative learning provides to promote cooperation in the classroom and the characteristics of the teaching role that support the development of cooperation. This research is located in the line of studies on child development and education and uses the documentary research method to analyze and discuss the theories and research on the development of cooperation, cooperative learning and the teaching role that promotes it. The importance of knowing, understanding and implementing cooperative learning methodologies that contribute to overcoming teaching practices that support individualism and competitiveness in the classroom is discussed. From the discussion, it is concluded that cooperation is both a cognitive act and a social competence and is an essential goal of the integral development of the child. In this sense, the teacher must recognize the orientations and strategies of cooperative learning that are most appropriate for the level of development of the child and design activities that build a classroom climate that encourages the development of cooperation. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of cooperation, in addition, highlights its moral dimension, through reflection on the constructivist paradigm as the most suitable framework from which the teacher can exercise his role to promote the development of cooperation in Early Education.
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Keywords
Personal docente--Capacitación, Aprendizaje (Educación), Educación preescolar
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