Análisis de las causas políticas que perpetúan la falta de solución al hacinamiento y condiciones inhumanas en las prisiones peruanas
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente tesis se orienta por la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cuáles son las razones políticas
detrás de la persistente falta de solución al problema del hacinamiento y las condiciones
inhumanas en las cárceles peruanas, a pesar de la sentencia de estado de cosas
inconstitucional? Para responder a esta pregunta, se empleó una metodología
cualitativa basada en la revisión documental, el análisis político y entrevistas
semiestructuradas. El marco teórico se basó en el concepto de judicialización de la
política, con énfasis en su impacto sobre el diseño e implementación de políticas
públicas, la ausencia de defensa activa de los derechos de los internos y la influencia
del discurso punitivista en la etapa de implementación de las políticas penitenciarias.
Los hallazgos confirman la hipótesis principal de que la falta de soluciones efectivas al
hacinamiento carcelario se debe a una combinación de políticas mal estructuradas, la
ausencia de defensa activa que presione por reformas y un enfoque punitivista que ha
limitado el alcance de las reformas penitenciarias. La investigación destaca la
interacción entre los factores políticos, sociales e institucionales en la formulación de
políticas penitenciarias en Perú. Asimismo, se demuestra que, a fin de abordar el
hacinamiento y las condiciones inhumanas de manera efectiva, es imprescindible
adoptar un enfoque integral, eficiente en el uso de los recursos estatales y sostenible.
This thesis is guided by the following question: What are the political reasons behind the persistent failure to solve the problem of overcrowding and inhumane conditions in Peruvian prisons, despite the ruling declaring the state of unconstitutional conditions? To answer this question, a qualitative methodology was employed, based on document review, political analysis, and semi-structured interviews. The theoretical framework was based on the concept of judicialization of politics, with an emphasis on its impact on the design and implementation of public policies, the absence of active defense of prisoners' rights, and the influence of punitive discourse during the implementation stage of penitentiary policies. The findings confirm the main hypothesis that the lack of effective solutions to prison overcrowding is due to a combination of poorly structured policies, the absence of active defense pushing for reforms, and a punitive approach that has limited the scope of penitentiary reforms. The research highlights the interaction between political, social, and institutional factors in the formulation of penitentiary policies in Peru. Furthermore, it demonstrates that, to effectively address overcrowding and inhumane conditions, it is essential to adopt an integral, efficient use of state resources, and sustainable approach.
This thesis is guided by the following question: What are the political reasons behind the persistent failure to solve the problem of overcrowding and inhumane conditions in Peruvian prisons, despite the ruling declaring the state of unconstitutional conditions? To answer this question, a qualitative methodology was employed, based on document review, political analysis, and semi-structured interviews. The theoretical framework was based on the concept of judicialization of politics, with an emphasis on its impact on the design and implementation of public policies, the absence of active defense of prisoners' rights, and the influence of punitive discourse during the implementation stage of penitentiary policies. The findings confirm the main hypothesis that the lack of effective solutions to prison overcrowding is due to a combination of poorly structured policies, the absence of active defense pushing for reforms, and a punitive approach that has limited the scope of penitentiary reforms. The research highlights the interaction between political, social, and institutional factors in the formulation of penitentiary policies in Peru. Furthermore, it demonstrates that, to effectively address overcrowding and inhumane conditions, it is essential to adopt an integral, efficient use of state resources, and sustainable approach.
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Prisiones--Sobrepoblación--Perú, Derechos humanos--Perú, Derecho constitucional--Perú, Planificación política--Perú