Aspectos facilitadores o limitantes del funcionamiento de la Unidad Móvil de Salud implementada por la Red de Salud Cusco Norte como estrategia para mejorar el acceso a servicios de salud integrales de las poblaciones rurales de su jurisdicción, en el periodo 2014-2018
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2021-07-15
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación es un estudio de caso de la Unidad Móvil de
Salud de la Red de Salud Cusco Norte, un servicio de atención médica
itinerante que utiliza un vehículo tipo bus, donde se han instalado tres
unidades, que incluyen ecografía, odontología y laboratorio. Este servicio
brinda un conjunto de prestaciones focalizadas en gestantes, niños y otros
grupos vulnerables, que son financiadas por el Seguro Integral de Salud y
las Estrategias Sanitarias de Salud Pública. Su alcance de intervención se
limita a establecimientos de salud del primer nivel de atención de zonas
rurales. La metodología del estudio de caso fue exploratoria y cualitativa,
y se usó como marco interpretativo el diseño de la teoría fundamentada.
El modelo de gestión tiene como principales protagonistas a los actores
públicos, Red Cusco Norte y el establecimiento de salud, y cuenta con el
apoyo del personal de los establecimientos, promotores de salud y líderes
locales durante la difusión y el desarrollo de las actividades. Es una
intervención que ha contribuido a mejorar el acceso de la población rural a
los servicios de salud y mejorar el cumplimiento de metas sanitarias en la
población objetivo. No obstante, las barreras administrativas dificultan el
acceso de la población general, limitaciones organizacionales para facilitar
la continuidad y la integralidad de la atención y carece de una estrategia
que fomente la participación de los actores sociales que asegure la
institucionalización y la sostenibilidad de esta intervención.
The case study of the experience of the Mobile Health Unit of the Cusco North Health Network, in Peru, has been carried out by a traveling health care service that uses a bus-type vehicle, where three units have been installed, including ultrasound, dentistry and laboratory, which provides a set of benefits focused on pregnant women, children and other vulnerable groups, which are funded by the public insurance (Seguro Integral de Salud-SIS) and health programs (Estrategias Sanitarias); and whose scope of intervention is limited to health facilities of the first level of care in rural areas. The methodology of the case study was exploratory and qualitative, which I use as an interpretive framework the design of the grounded theory. The management model has as main protagonists the public actors, Red Cusco Norte and the Health Establishment, and has the support of the staff of the establishments, health promoters and local leaders during the dissemination and development of the activities. It is an intervention that has contributed to improving the access of the rural population to health services and improving the fulfillment of health goals in the target population; nevertheless, it has administrative barriers that hinder the access of the general population, organizational limitations to facilitate the continuity and the integrality of the attention and it lacks a strategy that encourages the participation of the social actors that ensures the institutionalization and sustainability of this intervention.
The case study of the experience of the Mobile Health Unit of the Cusco North Health Network, in Peru, has been carried out by a traveling health care service that uses a bus-type vehicle, where three units have been installed, including ultrasound, dentistry and laboratory, which provides a set of benefits focused on pregnant women, children and other vulnerable groups, which are funded by the public insurance (Seguro Integral de Salud-SIS) and health programs (Estrategias Sanitarias); and whose scope of intervention is limited to health facilities of the first level of care in rural areas. The methodology of the case study was exploratory and qualitative, which I use as an interpretive framework the design of the grounded theory. The management model has as main protagonists the public actors, Red Cusco Norte and the Health Establishment, and has the support of the staff of the establishments, health promoters and local leaders during the dissemination and development of the activities. It is an intervention that has contributed to improving the access of the rural population to health services and improving the fulfillment of health goals in the target population; nevertheless, it has administrative barriers that hinder the access of the general population, organizational limitations to facilitate the continuity and the integrality of the attention and it lacks a strategy that encourages the participation of the social actors that ensures the institutionalization and sustainability of this intervention.
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Servicios de salud--Perú--Cuzco--2014-2018, Salud pública--Perú, Población rural--Perú--Cuzco, Participación social
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