Sistema aéreo de vigilancia por Drones para prevenir y disminuir el nivel de inseguridad ciudadana en el Distrito de San Martín de Porres Lima 2020
Date
2022-05-27
Journal Title
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
Abstract
De acuerdo a un estudio relacionado al incremento del índice delincuencial e inseguridad
ciudadana realizado por el Ministerio del Interior, éste ha dividido a la Región Lima en Lima
Norte y Lima Metropolitana; en la primera se encuentra, entre otros, el distrito de San Martín
de Porres, el cual es el lugar hacia donde apunta la presente investigación, por presentar
índices elevados de inseguridad ciudadana que podría tener como causa ser un distrito con
más habitantes en comparación a los distritos que componen Lima Norte, apreciándose que
hay más necesidad de educación, empleo, salud y mayor delincuencia en sus diversas
modalidades. A ello se suma la ausencia de Proyectos de Inversión Pública en Seguridad
Ciudadana; y por último el ineficiente trabajo coordinado entre la Policía, Municipalidad,
Comunidad y Gobierno Central.
La investigación presenta un marco teórico sobre inseguridad ciudadana, marco legal y
normativo del tema en estudio, luego se presenta el diseño o prototipo de la solución, como
es el sistema de video vigilancia utilizando los drones, para ello se hace un estudio de trabajos
previos realizados en otros países para tener un panorama más claro de la situación y coger
experiencias y conocimientos ganados; asimismo, hemos realizado un análisis de
deseabilidad, factibilidad y viabilidad del prototipo.
Finalmente, queremos incidir en que las aeronaves pilotadas a distancia (RPA) en la
actualidad sorprenden con su avanzada tecnología que incluyen sensores especiales como
cámaras con infrarrojos y térmicos, además muestran una gran fortaleza para su utilidad por
su velocidad y deslizamiento dentro de la ciudad, venciendo las dificultades propias de la
urbe. Podemos añadir que cuenta con la facilidad de reproducir imágenes en vivo con la
capacidad de trabajar en red con otro RPA desarrollando un gran sistema de vigilancia con
inteligencia artificial capaz de hacer que estas aeronaves puedan tomar decisiones por sí
mismas; tal es el caso de la Policía Nacional de Colombia y los Carabineros de Chile, que
tienen dentro de sus flotas de drones el DJI matrices 210, de fabricación china, que posee
todas estas características y que vienen siendo utilizadas en labores de seguridad ciudadana
y crimen organizado.
According to studies related to the increase of criminality rate and citizen insecurity made by ministry of the interior, Lima Region was divided in Northern Lima and Metropolitan Lima; in the first of them there is San Martin de Porres district, which is the main place researched in this document, due to its high rates of insecurity compared to the other districts of Northern Lima, noticing a high education, employment and health requirements too and more criminality rates in different modalities. We could add to this idea the fact, that there is absence of projects of public investment in citizen security; and finally an unsuccessful coordinated work among police, municipality, community and the central government. This research present general concepts about citizen insecurity, normative and legal framework of the studied topic, then a design to solve these issues is proposed, such as a video-vigilance system using drones. To apply this purpose a study of this system applied in another countries is needed to understand the situation in a better way picking up experiences and earned knowledge. Likewise, we have made a desirability, feasibility and viability analysis of the prototype. Finally, we want to stress that Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) nowadays surprise with their advanced technology that include special sensors such as infrared and thermal cameras, and have potential use in the area of monitoring and security in civil environments. In addition, they have an advantage in terms of their speed and movement over an urban area and periphery, easily overcoming any obstacle, offering video services, images and information in real time on any event that occurs in their coverage area. The other advantage of having drones interconnected with each other is that an entire redundant security infrastructure is created with artificial intelligence capable of making these aircraft make decisions for themselves; Such is the case of the National Police of Colombia and the “Carabineros of Chile”, which have within their drone fleets the “DJI matrices 210”, made of Chinese manufacture, which has all these characteristics and which have been used in citizen security tasks against organized crime.
According to studies related to the increase of criminality rate and citizen insecurity made by ministry of the interior, Lima Region was divided in Northern Lima and Metropolitan Lima; in the first of them there is San Martin de Porres district, which is the main place researched in this document, due to its high rates of insecurity compared to the other districts of Northern Lima, noticing a high education, employment and health requirements too and more criminality rates in different modalities. We could add to this idea the fact, that there is absence of projects of public investment in citizen security; and finally an unsuccessful coordinated work among police, municipality, community and the central government. This research present general concepts about citizen insecurity, normative and legal framework of the studied topic, then a design to solve these issues is proposed, such as a video-vigilance system using drones. To apply this purpose a study of this system applied in another countries is needed to understand the situation in a better way picking up experiences and earned knowledge. Likewise, we have made a desirability, feasibility and viability analysis of the prototype. Finally, we want to stress that Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) nowadays surprise with their advanced technology that include special sensors such as infrared and thermal cameras, and have potential use in the area of monitoring and security in civil environments. In addition, they have an advantage in terms of their speed and movement over an urban area and periphery, easily overcoming any obstacle, offering video services, images and information in real time on any event that occurs in their coverage area. The other advantage of having drones interconnected with each other is that an entire redundant security infrastructure is created with artificial intelligence capable of making these aircraft make decisions for themselves; Such is the case of the National Police of Colombia and the “Carabineros of Chile”, which have within their drone fleets the “DJI matrices 210”, made of Chinese manufacture, which has all these characteristics and which have been used in citizen security tasks against organized crime.
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Keywords
Prevención del delito--Perú--San Martín de Porres (Lima : Distrito), Video vigilancia--Perú--San Martín de Porres (Lima : Distrito), Avión teledirigido--Perú--San Martín de Porres (Lima : Distrito)
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