Factores que limitan o facilitan el desarrollo, el funcionamiento y la capacidad de gestión del Consejo de Recursos Hídricos de la Cuenca Chira Piura
Date
2024-10-30
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El agua dulce es un recurso escaso, especialmente en el Perú, y se agrava debido
a las intervenciones del Estado mediante sus organismos ejecutores nacionales y
regionales, de manera dispersa, desordenada e ineficiente, que no garantizan el
acceso para todos y aún hay políticas y legislación contradictorias e insuficientes,
y muy limitada coordinación entre los gestores privados y públicos del agua.
Aun cuando el Perú posee instrumentos legales y una larga tradición en la gestión
sectorial del agua, el reto de todos los usuarios es la articulación de esfuerzos y
recursos; desarrollando esfuerzos conjuntos y usando incluso presupuestos de
manera coordinada, evitando duplicidades en las intervenciones y gastos, en el
ámbito del Consejo de Recursos Hídricos (CRH), así como en la planificación y
ejecución del Plan de Gestión de los Recursos Hídricos en las Cuencas.
El presente estudio analiza la experiencia del Consejo de Recursos Hídricos
(CRH) de la cuenca Chira-Piura para conocer los factores que limitan o facilitan el
desarrollo, funcionamiento y la capacidad de gestión del mismo, en el marco de la
Ley de Recursos Hídricos. Para ello se analizan las acciones del Consejo, la
participación de los usuarios y su articulación con actores claves.
Como marco de referencia conceptual, se analizan y contrasta distintos enfoques:
Desarrollo Humano Sostenible (DHS), Desarrollo Territorial (DT), Participación
Social y Comunitaria, el Buen Vivir, Gestión Integral de Recursos Hídricos (GIRH)
y Gestión Social del Agua y el Ambiente en Cuencas (GSAAC).
Se plantea una investigación cualitativa, por ser un estudio de caso, el del CRHC
Chira-Piura. Y se contrastan las referencias conceptuales con información
documental e instrumentos y técnicas de campo. El estudio concluye que el CRHC
es el único organismo de gestión capaz de garantizar la coordinación y
concertación entre los diversos usuarios públicos y privados del agua y entre todos
los usos del agua en la cuenca. Este organismo puede garantizar una gestión
concertada y la resolución de los problemas y los conflictos desde una visión
integral y de cuenca; sin embargo, carece de autonomía, capacidad de decisión y
presupuesto, así como de representatividad geográfica que complemente la representación funcional existente.
Nowadays fresh water is a scarce resource, especially in Peru where interventions for its use have been dispersed, disorganized and inefficient duplicating efforts and investments. This situation gets worse by contradictory and insufficient state policies and legislation, as well as the lack of coordination between private and public water managers. Even though Peru has legal instruments and long tradition in the sectoral management of freshwater, the challenge is the articulation of all users, within the framework of the Water Resources Council as well as in the planning and execution of the Resource Management Plan Water from the Chira-Piura watershed. The Water Resources Council of the Chira Piura watershed seeks to resolve these limitations. Therefore, it is important to study this case to know the factors that limit or facilitate the development, operation and management capacity of the Water Resources Council of Chira Piura, within the framework of the Water Resources Law, analyzing the actions of the Advice, the participation of users and their articulation with key actors. As a conceptual frame of reference, development approaches have been reviewed, such as: Sustainable Human Development, Territorial Development, Social and Community Participation, Comprehensive Management of Water Resources, IWRM, Good Living and Social Management of Water and the Environment in Watersheds. The research is qualitative, as it is a study of case, in this way the mentioned conceptual references are contrasted with documentary information and instruments and field techniques such as interviews, focus group and surveys. Finally, the study concludes that the CRHC is the only management body that not only involves various public and private users, but also the uses of water in the Chira-Piura watershed. This body can guarantee concerted management and the resolution of problems and conflicts from an integral and basin perspective; however, it lacks autonomy, decision and budget capacity as well as geographical representation that complements existing functional representation.
Nowadays fresh water is a scarce resource, especially in Peru where interventions for its use have been dispersed, disorganized and inefficient duplicating efforts and investments. This situation gets worse by contradictory and insufficient state policies and legislation, as well as the lack of coordination between private and public water managers. Even though Peru has legal instruments and long tradition in the sectoral management of freshwater, the challenge is the articulation of all users, within the framework of the Water Resources Council as well as in the planning and execution of the Resource Management Plan Water from the Chira-Piura watershed. The Water Resources Council of the Chira Piura watershed seeks to resolve these limitations. Therefore, it is important to study this case to know the factors that limit or facilitate the development, operation and management capacity of the Water Resources Council of Chira Piura, within the framework of the Water Resources Law, analyzing the actions of the Advice, the participation of users and their articulation with key actors. As a conceptual frame of reference, development approaches have been reviewed, such as: Sustainable Human Development, Territorial Development, Social and Community Participation, Comprehensive Management of Water Resources, IWRM, Good Living and Social Management of Water and the Environment in Watersheds. The research is qualitative, as it is a study of case, in this way the mentioned conceptual references are contrasted with documentary information and instruments and field techniques such as interviews, focus group and surveys. Finally, the study concludes that the CRHC is the only management body that not only involves various public and private users, but also the uses of water in the Chira-Piura watershed. This body can guarantee concerted management and the resolution of problems and conflicts from an integral and basin perspective; however, it lacks autonomy, decision and budget capacity as well as geographical representation that complements existing functional representation.
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Keywords
Agua--Administración--Perú, Recursos hidrológicos--Perú, Cuencas hidrográficas--Perú--Piura
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