Preparación y caracterización de sensores a base de Zeolita con óxido de Estaño dopado con Pt y su aplicación como nariz electrónica
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2017-10-30
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente tesis se centra en realizar una diferenciación entre vinos peruanos tintos semisecos jóvenes y la diferenciación de éstos vinos con vinos posiblemente adulterados, utilizando para ello una nariz electrónica constituida por un arreglo de 10 sensores a base de óxido de estaño dopados con Pt y recubiertos con zeolita-Y. La caracterización de estos materiales se realiza mediante FRX, DRX, ATR, FTIR, SEM-EDX, TGA-DTGA, adsorción-desorción de N2 y AA. Se realiza un estudio computacional de la interacción de los centros activos de la zeolita con alcoholes y con algunos componentes volátiles de los vinos, evaluando la energía de adsorción para cada interacción, utilizando el programa Gaussian 09. Se realiza el sensado de los alcoholes, con el software Labview, de los vinos comerciales y vinos posiblemente adulterados utilizando la nariz electrónica, bajo condiciones óptimas de temperatura, tiempo de sensado, concentración de la fase metálica en el dopaje del sensor con y sin recubrimiento de zeolita. Se obtiene las mejores señales de respuesta de los sensores en presencia de etanol al 12 % y metanol al 3 %. La mejor temperatura de sensado es de 260 °C y los mejores sensores son S-0,1 %Pt/SnO2; S-0,2 %Pt/SnO2; S-0,1 %Pt/SnO2/ZY y S-0,2 %Pt/SnO2/ZY. Los datos obtenidos son procesados mediante Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA). Este método es un tratamiento estadístico que permite reducir la dimensionalidad de un conjunto de datos iniciales de manera que la varianza total sea la mayor posible, el análisis de estas nuevas variables sirve para obtener un patrón característico de una muestra determinada que al ser comparado con otras, permita observar variaciones en base a un patrón inicial. Los PCA obtenidos de los datos de las mediciones de los vinos utilizando los mejores sensores, muestran una varianza más alta y una mejor diferenciación de los vinos comerciales de los vinos posiblemente adulterados, a la vez que se logra diferenciar mejor los vinos comerciales por marca y tipo (tinto y rose).
The present thesis focuses on differentiating between young semi - young red Peruvian wines and the differentiation of these wines with possibly adulterated wines, using an electronic nose consisting of an arrangement of 10 tin oxide - based sensors doped with Pt and coated with zeolite-Y. The characterization of these materials is performed by FRX, DRX, ATR, FTIR, SEM-EDX, TGA-DTGA, adsorption-desorption of N2, DRX and AA. A computational study of the interaction of the active centers of the zeolite with alcohols and with some volatile components of the wines is carried out, evaluating the adsorption energy for each interaction using the Gaussian program 09.The sensing of the alcohols is performed by the Labview software, of the commercial wines and possibly adulterated wines using the electronic nose, under optimum conditions of temperature, sensing time, concentration of the metallic phase in the doping of the sensor with and without covering of Zeolite.The best response signals from the sensors are obtained in the presence of 12 % ethanol and 3 % methanol. The best sensing of temperature is 260 °C and the best sensors are S-0,1 %Pt/SnO2; S-0,2 %Pt/SnO2; S-0,1 %Pt/SnO2/ZY and S-0,2 %Pt/SnO2/ZY. The data obtained are processed through Principal Component Analysis (PCA).This method is a statistical treatment that allows to reduce the dimensionality of a set of initial data, so that the total variance is as large as possible, the analysis of these new variables serves to obtain a characteristic pattern of a given sample that when is compared with others, allow to observe variations based on an initial pattern.The PCA obtained from the data of the measurements of the wines using the best sensors, show a higher variance and a better differentiation of the commercial wines of the wines possibly adulterated, whereas it is possible to differentiate better the commercial wines by brand and type (red and rose).
The present thesis focuses on differentiating between young semi - young red Peruvian wines and the differentiation of these wines with possibly adulterated wines, using an electronic nose consisting of an arrangement of 10 tin oxide - based sensors doped with Pt and coated with zeolite-Y. The characterization of these materials is performed by FRX, DRX, ATR, FTIR, SEM-EDX, TGA-DTGA, adsorption-desorption of N2, DRX and AA. A computational study of the interaction of the active centers of the zeolite with alcohols and with some volatile components of the wines is carried out, evaluating the adsorption energy for each interaction using the Gaussian program 09.The sensing of the alcohols is performed by the Labview software, of the commercial wines and possibly adulterated wines using the electronic nose, under optimum conditions of temperature, sensing time, concentration of the metallic phase in the doping of the sensor with and without covering of Zeolite.The best response signals from the sensors are obtained in the presence of 12 % ethanol and 3 % methanol. The best sensing of temperature is 260 °C and the best sensors are S-0,1 %Pt/SnO2; S-0,2 %Pt/SnO2; S-0,1 %Pt/SnO2/ZY and S-0,2 %Pt/SnO2/ZY. The data obtained are processed through Principal Component Analysis (PCA).This method is a statistical treatment that allows to reduce the dimensionality of a set of initial data, so that the total variance is as large as possible, the analysis of these new variables serves to obtain a characteristic pattern of a given sample that when is compared with others, allow to observe variations based on an initial pattern.The PCA obtained from the data of the measurements of the wines using the best sensors, show a higher variance and a better differentiation of the commercial wines of the wines possibly adulterated, whereas it is possible to differentiate better the commercial wines by brand and type (red and rose).
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Nariz electrónica, Zeolita, Adsorción
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