Camino Revier: diseño de sistema urbano de transición hacia la circularidad de residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD) de obras menores en distritos de Lima Metropolitana
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La cantidad de residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD) en Perú superan las
15 millones de toneladas anuales, representando un problema crítico
especialmente en Lima metropolitana, la capital, donde la cantidad de RCD
colapsa el sistema de gestión distrital de las municipalidades, provocando que
estos residuos terminen en ríos, espacios públicos y privados, generando un
impacto negativo en la comunidad y medio ambiente. Son diversos los beneficios
que se generan de un sistema circular de segregación y valorización de los RCD,
como lo han demostrado países latinoamericanos como Colombia y Chile, que han
implementado diversas estrategias exitosas con resultados positivos en
sostenibilidad, empleo y calidad de vida. Lima maneja un contexto político y social
complejo, que carece de precedentes que provean el soporte infraestructural
necesario, por lo que se requiere una articulación de la municipalidad con actores
clave para garantizar la viabilidad de un sistema a largo plazo. En respuesta a esta
problemática, esta investigación propone un diseño de sistema urbano de
transición hacia la segregación distrital de RCD de obras menores con fines de
valorización y circularidad para ser implementado progresiva y estratégicamente
en los distritos de Lima metropolitana, en articulación con empresas privadas,
recicladores formalizados y una comunidad consciente. La metodología utilizada
incluyó investigaciones de netnografía, etnografía, shadowing, entrevistas, focus
groups, encuestas y validaciones, cuyo análisis triangulado permitió diseñar y
ejecutar un piloto en el distrito de Santiago de Surco estableciendo un precedente
exitoso con una proyección favorable para su escalabilidad a otros distritos.
The amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in Peru exceeds 15 million tons per year, representing a critical issue—particularly in Metropolitan Lima, the capital—where the volume of CDW overwhelms the municipal waste management systems. As a result, this waste often ends up in rivers, public and private spaces, causing significant negative impacts on both the community and the environment. A circular system for segregation and valorization of CDW offers multiple benefits, as demonstrated by Latin American countries such as Colombia and Chile, which have implemented successful strategies yielding positive outcomes in sustainability, employment, and quality of life. Lima faces a complex political and social context, lacking the infrastructural foundations required to support such systems. Therefore, coordinated efforts between municipalities and key stakeholders are essential to ensure the long-term viability of a circular CDW management system. In response to this challenge, this research proposes the design of a transitional urban system for the district-level segregation of CDW from minor construction works, with the aim of valorization and circular reuse. The system is intended to be progressively and strategically implemented across Lima’s districts, in collaboration with private companies, formalized recyclers, and an informed, engaged community. The methodology involved a combination of netnography, ethnography, shadowing, interviews, focus groups, surveys, and validation processes. The triangulated analysis of this data informed the design and execution of a pilot project in the district of Santiago de Surco, establishing a successful precedent with strong potential for scalability to other districts.
The amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in Peru exceeds 15 million tons per year, representing a critical issue—particularly in Metropolitan Lima, the capital—where the volume of CDW overwhelms the municipal waste management systems. As a result, this waste often ends up in rivers, public and private spaces, causing significant negative impacts on both the community and the environment. A circular system for segregation and valorization of CDW offers multiple benefits, as demonstrated by Latin American countries such as Colombia and Chile, which have implemented successful strategies yielding positive outcomes in sustainability, employment, and quality of life. Lima faces a complex political and social context, lacking the infrastructural foundations required to support such systems. Therefore, coordinated efforts between municipalities and key stakeholders are essential to ensure the long-term viability of a circular CDW management system. In response to this challenge, this research proposes the design of a transitional urban system for the district-level segregation of CDW from minor construction works, with the aim of valorization and circular reuse. The system is intended to be progressively and strategically implemented across Lima’s districts, in collaboration with private companies, formalized recyclers, and an informed, engaged community. The methodology involved a combination of netnography, ethnography, shadowing, interviews, focus groups, surveys, and validation processes. The triangulated analysis of this data informed the design and execution of a pilot project in the district of Santiago de Surco, establishing a successful precedent with strong potential for scalability to other districts.
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Construcción--Aspectos ambientales, Industria de la construcción--Residuos, Demoliciones--Gestión, Residuos--Reciclaje
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
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