Representaciones maternales de madres privadas de libertad de un Establecimiento Penitenciario de Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El presente estudio explora las representaciones maternales en madres privadas de libertad que
conviven con sus hijos dentro de un Establecimiento Penitenciario (EP) de Lima. Para tal
propósito, se realizó una investigación cualitativa, siguiendo el diseño de casos múltiples, en
la cual se entrevistó a tres madres de 29, 38 y 39 años de edad que se encontraban viviendo
dentro del EP con sus hijos de 3 meses; 1 año y 3 meses; y 1 año y 6 meses de edad,
respectivamente. La exploración de las representaciones maternas fue llevada a cabo mediante
una entrevista semiestructurada, construida a partir de la teoría de Stern (1998), en la que se
consideró las representaciones de la madre sobre el infante, sobre sí misma y sobre el vínculo
madre-infante. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que las experiencias de
encarcelamiento, descritas de manera negativa por las participantes, tendrían un rol importante
en la construcción de las representaciones de las madres. Así, los infantes son descritos por las
madres como su figura de soporte dentro del contexto penitenciario, lo cual podría dar cuenta
de una posible parentificación de los menores. Además, se evidencia que las madres atraviesan
por un proceso de reorganización de identidad, en el que integran sentimientos de culpabilidad
y prácticas asociadas a una “buena” maternidad. Finalmente, el vínculo madre-infante es
representado de manera positiva con sentimientos de felicidad, asociado al afecto físico que se
brindan madre e hijo de manera recíproca.
This study explores maternal representations in incarcerated mothers living with their children in a prison facility in Lima. To this end, a qualitative study was conducted using a multiple case design, involving interviews with three mothers aged 29, 38, and 39. At the time of the interviews, they were living in prison with their children, who were 3 months, 1 year and 3 months, and 1 year and 6 months old, respectively. Maternal representations were explored through a semi-structured interview based on Stern’s (1998) theoretical framework, which examines the mother’s representations of her infant, herself, and the mother–infant bond. The findings suggest that the experience of incarceration, perceived and described negatively, may influence maternal representations. The infants are described by the mothers as a source of emotional support within the prison context, which may reflect a potential parentification of the children. Furthermore, the mothers appear to undergo a process of identity reorganization, in which they integrate feelings of guilt with practices associated with “good” motherhood. Finally, the mother–infant bond is portrayed positively, characterized by feelings of joy associated with mutual physical affection between mother and child.
This study explores maternal representations in incarcerated mothers living with their children in a prison facility in Lima. To this end, a qualitative study was conducted using a multiple case design, involving interviews with three mothers aged 29, 38, and 39. At the time of the interviews, they were living in prison with their children, who were 3 months, 1 year and 3 months, and 1 year and 6 months old, respectively. Maternal representations were explored through a semi-structured interview based on Stern’s (1998) theoretical framework, which examines the mother’s representations of her infant, herself, and the mother–infant bond. The findings suggest that the experience of incarceration, perceived and described negatively, may influence maternal representations. The infants are described by the mothers as a source of emotional support within the prison context, which may reflect a potential parentification of the children. Furthermore, the mothers appear to undergo a process of identity reorganization, in which they integrate feelings of guilt with practices associated with “good” motherhood. Finally, the mother–infant bond is portrayed positively, characterized by feelings of joy associated with mutual physical affection between mother and child.
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Maternidad--Aspectos psicológicos--Perú--Lima, Prisioneras--Psicología--Perú--Lima, Prisiones--Perú--Lima
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