Disciplina materna sensible y su relación con la competencia social de niño/as de dos años
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar la disciplina materna sensible y su relación con
la competencia social de niño/as de dos años de Lima Metropolitana. Participaron 26 díadas
madre-hijo/a, con madres entre 26 a 47 años de edad (M = 32.5; DE = 5.03) y sus hijos/as entre
24 y 35 meses (M = 30; DE = 4.83). Para la evaluación de la competencia social, se utilizó la
versión reducida del Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale (SCBE-30, LaFreniere
& Dumas, 1996). La disciplina materna sensible se evaluó a través de la tarea “No Tocar”, las
observaciones fueron codificadas mediante escalas de calificación según lo propuesto por
Egeland et al. (1990), Joosen et al. (2012), y Verschueren et al. (2006). La calificación de las
escalas se complementó con un análisis cualitativo de las estrategias de disciplina utilizadas
por las madres. No se identificaron diferencias significativas en las variables en función del
sexo del niño/a, pero se identificó una relación positiva entre el soporte materno y los niveles
de educación materna. Las estrategias de disciplina materna identificadas se clasificaron en
apoyo, intrusividad y laxitud. Además, se reveló una correlación significativa entre las
prácticas de disciplina materna sensible y la competencia social. Específicamente, se encontró
que las madres que utilizaban estrategias de apoyo, en lugar de intrusivas, favorecían
interacciones sociales más adaptativas en sus hijos/as. La investigación representa un primer
acercamiento en el contexto peruano sobre cómo aspectos relacionados a las prácticas de
crianza se relacionarían con elementos del desarrollo social infantil y aporta a resaltar la
importancia de intervenciones que promuevan prácticas de cuidado positivas.
This research aimed to explore sensitive maternal discipline and its relationship with the social competence of two-year-old children in Metropolitan Lima. A total of 26 mother-child dyads participated, with mothers aged between 26 to 47 years (M = 32.5; SD = 5.03) and their children aged between 24 and 35 months (M = 30; SD = 4.83). The short version of the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale (SCBE-30, LaFreniere & Dumas, 1996) was used to assess social competence. Sensitive maternal discipline was evaluated through the "Don't Touch" task, with observations coded using rating scales as proposed by Egeland et al. (1990), Joosen et al. (2012), and Verschueren et al. (2006). The rating of the scales was complemented by a qualitative analysis of the discipline strategies used by the mothers. No significant differences were identified in the variables based on the child's gender, but a positive relationship was identified between maternal support and maternal education levels. The identified maternal discipline strategies were classified into support, intrusiveness, and laxity. Additionally, a significant correlation was revealed between sensitive maternal discipline practices and social competence. Specifically, it was found that mothers who used supportive strategies, rather than intrusive ones, fostered more adaptive social interactions in their children. The research represents a first approach in the Peruvian context on how aspects associated to parenting practices would relate to elements of children's social development and highlights the importance of interventions that promote positive caregiving practices.
This research aimed to explore sensitive maternal discipline and its relationship with the social competence of two-year-old children in Metropolitan Lima. A total of 26 mother-child dyads participated, with mothers aged between 26 to 47 years (M = 32.5; SD = 5.03) and their children aged between 24 and 35 months (M = 30; SD = 4.83). The short version of the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale (SCBE-30, LaFreniere & Dumas, 1996) was used to assess social competence. Sensitive maternal discipline was evaluated through the "Don't Touch" task, with observations coded using rating scales as proposed by Egeland et al. (1990), Joosen et al. (2012), and Verschueren et al. (2006). The rating of the scales was complemented by a qualitative analysis of the discipline strategies used by the mothers. No significant differences were identified in the variables based on the child's gender, but a positive relationship was identified between maternal support and maternal education levels. The identified maternal discipline strategies were classified into support, intrusiveness, and laxity. Additionally, a significant correlation was revealed between sensitive maternal discipline practices and social competence. Specifically, it was found that mothers who used supportive strategies, rather than intrusive ones, fostered more adaptive social interactions in their children. The research represents a first approach in the Peruvian context on how aspects associated to parenting practices would relate to elements of children's social development and highlights the importance of interventions that promote positive caregiving practices.
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Disciplina infantil, Socialización en niños, Sensibilidad, Maternidad
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