La relación entre la alteración de la imagen corporal y el bienestar psicológico de mujeres jóvenes de Lima Metropolitana
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar las asociaciones entre la alteración de la imagen
corporal (AIC), bienestar psicológico y sintomatología de los trastornos de la conducta
alimentaria (TCA) en mujeres jóvenes de Lima Metropolitana. La muestra incluyó a 93 mujeres
peruanas de entre 18 y 25 años (M = 20; DE = 2). Las participantes completaron instrumentos
validados en español: la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico (PWB), el Cuestionario de Afecto
Positivo y Negativo (SPANAS), la subescala de Insatisfacción Corporal del Inventario de
Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria-2 (EDI-2) y la versión en español del Cuestionario de
Evaluación de Trastornos Alimentarios (S-EDE-Q). Además, se desarrolló una escala con
avatares en 3D para evaluar distorsiones perceptuales de la imagen corporal.
Mayores discrepancias entre el tamaño corporal ideal y el percibido se asociaron con niveles
más altos de insatisfacción corporal, preocupación y sobrevaloración, así como con mayor
sintomatología de TCA (τB = -.30 a -.40, todos p < .001). Estos indicadores también se
correlacionaron negativamente con el bienestar psicológico, particularmente en las
dimensiones de autoaceptación, relaciones interpersonales, crecimiento personal y autonomía
(τB = −.15 a −.27, todos p < .05).
Nuestros hallazgos ofrecen una visión valiosa sobre la naturaleza multidimensional de la AIC
en mujeres jóvenes latinoamericanas y sus asociaciones con la sintomatología de TCA.
Destacamos la importancia de abordar la AIC en relación con el bienestar psicológico para
informar estrategias de prevención en salud mental culturalmente sensibles en la región.
This study explored the associations between body image disturbance (BID), psychological well-being, and eating disorder (ED) symptomatology in young women from Metropolitan Lima. The sample included 93 Peruvian women aged 18 to 25 (M = 20; SD = 2). Participants completed validated Spanish-language measures: the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (SPANAS), the Body Dissatisfaction subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2), and the Spanish version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (S-EDE-Q). Additionally, a 3D avatar scale was developed to assess perceptual distortions in body image. Greater discrepancies between ideal and perceived body size were associated with higher levels of body dissatisfaction, preoccupation, and overvaluation, as well as increased ED symptomatology (τB = -.30 to -.40, all p < .001). These indicators were also negatively correlated with psychological well-being, particularly in the domains of self-acceptance, interpersonal relationships, personal growth, and autonomy (τB = −.15 to −.27, all p < .05). Our findings provide valuable insights into the multidimensional nature of BID in young Latin American women and its associations with ED symptomatology. We underscore the importance of addressing BID in relation to psychological well-being to inform culturally sensitive mental health prevention strategies in the region.
This study explored the associations between body image disturbance (BID), psychological well-being, and eating disorder (ED) symptomatology in young women from Metropolitan Lima. The sample included 93 Peruvian women aged 18 to 25 (M = 20; SD = 2). Participants completed validated Spanish-language measures: the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (SPANAS), the Body Dissatisfaction subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2), and the Spanish version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (S-EDE-Q). Additionally, a 3D avatar scale was developed to assess perceptual distortions in body image. Greater discrepancies between ideal and perceived body size were associated with higher levels of body dissatisfaction, preoccupation, and overvaluation, as well as increased ED symptomatology (τB = -.30 to -.40, all p < .001). These indicators were also negatively correlated with psychological well-being, particularly in the domains of self-acceptance, interpersonal relationships, personal growth, and autonomy (τB = −.15 to −.27, all p < .05). Our findings provide valuable insights into the multidimensional nature of BID in young Latin American women and its associations with ED symptomatology. We underscore the importance of addressing BID in relation to psychological well-being to inform culturally sensitive mental health prevention strategies in the region.
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Imagen corporal en mujeres--Perú--Lima, Bienestar, Trastornos de la nutrición--Aspectos psicológicos
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