Representaciones de apego, competencia social y problemas de conducta en preescolares de nivel socioeconómico alto
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2017-02-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar la relación entre las representaciones de apego, la competencia social y los problemas de conducta en niños/as preescolares de nivel socioeconómico alto de Lima Metropolitana. Asimismo, se busca describir las características de dichos constructos en los participantes e identificar posibles diferencias por sexo. Para este propósito se evaluó a 30 niños/as con edades entre 41 y 71 meses (M = 59.73, DE = 8.69) a través del Attachment Story Completion Task (Bretherton, Ridgeway & Cassidy, 1990); sus madres reportaron la competencia social y los poblemas de conducta a través del Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Preschool Edition (Dumas, Martínez & LaFreniere, 1998). No se encontró una relación significativa entre las representaciones de apego, la competencia social y los problemas de conducta al incluir a todos los participantes. Adicionalmente, se trabajó con los niños/as que tienen algunos elementos del guion de base segura, hallándose una asociación significativa directa y media entre las representaciones y la competencia social. En relación a los objetivos específicos, no se encontraron diferencias significativas según sexo en las representaciones, la competencia social y los problemas de conducta. Sin embargo, se halló una tendencia a que las niñas presenten mayor seguridad en sus representaciones frente a situaciones asociadas al dolor que los niños. Los resultados señalan la importancia de continuar investigando estos constructos y las variables asociadas, de forma global, según sexo y de acuerdo al contexto socioeconómico.
This research aims to study the relationship between attachment representations, social competence and problem behaviors in preschool children of high socioeconomic status of Lima. It also seeks to describe the characteristics of those constructs in the participants and to identify possible differences by sex. For this purpose, 30 children between the ages of 41 and 71 months (M = 59.73, DE = 8.69) were evaluated through The Attachment Story Completion Task (Bretherton, Ridgeway & Cassidy, 1990); their mothers reported social competence and problem behaviors through the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Preschool Edition (Dumas, Martinez & LaFreniere, 1998). The results show no significant relation between attachment representations, social competence and problem behaviors, when including all participants. However, when we worked with the children who present some elements of the safe base script, a significant direct and average association between representations and social competence was found. In relation to the specific objects, no gender differences were found. Nevertheless it was found a tendency for girls to present more security in their representations against pain-related situations than boys. Results show the importance of continuing to investigate these constructs and associated variables, globally, according to sex and to the socioeconomic context.
This research aims to study the relationship between attachment representations, social competence and problem behaviors in preschool children of high socioeconomic status of Lima. It also seeks to describe the characteristics of those constructs in the participants and to identify possible differences by sex. For this purpose, 30 children between the ages of 41 and 71 months (M = 59.73, DE = 8.69) were evaluated through The Attachment Story Completion Task (Bretherton, Ridgeway & Cassidy, 1990); their mothers reported social competence and problem behaviors through the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Preschool Edition (Dumas, Martinez & LaFreniere, 1998). The results show no significant relation between attachment representations, social competence and problem behaviors, when including all participants. However, when we worked with the children who present some elements of the safe base script, a significant direct and average association between representations and social competence was found. In relation to the specific objects, no gender differences were found. Nevertheless it was found a tendency for girls to present more security in their representations against pain-related situations than boys. Results show the importance of continuing to investigate these constructs and associated variables, globally, according to sex and to the socioeconomic context.
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Psicología infantil., Apego., Trastornos de la conducta infantil.
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