Evaluación de alternativas de modelamiento numérico para edificios de concreto armado con sótanos
Date
2024-10-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar diferentes alternativas de modelamiento numérico
de edificios con sótanos, dado que este problema se aborda de diferentes maneras en la
práctica profesional, lo que a veces puede conducir a inconsistencias. Se han planteado
cuatro alternativas de modelamiento: EMP, modelo que ignora la presencia de sótanos;
SIN; modelo con sótanos y base empotrada; ISM, modelo con sótanos y reacción del suelo
con base empotrada; ISE, modelo con sótanos y la reacción del suelo en toda la superficie
de contacto del sótano con el suelo. Estas alternativas se han implementado en 12 edificios,
considerando tres tipos de suelo y cuatro alturas distintas. Se ha encontrado que existe
diferencias significativas en el comportamiento estructural entre las alternativas de
modelamiento para edificios de 10 y 15 pisos en términos de periodo fundamental de
vibración, desplazamiento lateral máximo y fuerza cortante basal; mientras que para
edificios de 20 y 25 pisos la respuesta estructural no es significativamente diferente. En un
estudio ampliado a 180 “edificios de corte” para buscar un mayor número de resultados
que permitan establecer una tendencia del comportamiento de la respuesta de un edificio
con sótanos, se ha podido observar que tanto la relación de periodos, desplazamientos
laterales y fuerza cortante basal entre el modelo ISE y EMP se reduce a la unidad cuando
el suelo tiende a ser más rígido y el edificio más flexible (mayor altura).
The aim of this study is to evaluate different numerical modeling alternatives for buildings with basements, as this issue is approached in various ways in professional practice, which can sometimes lead to inconsistencies. Four modeling alternatives have been proposed: EMP, a model that ignores the presence of basements; SIN, a model with basements and fixed bases; ISM, a model with basements and soil reaction with fixed bases; and ISE, a model with basements and soil reaction across the entire contact surface of the basement with the ground. These alternatives have been implemented in 12 buildings, considering three types of soil and four different heights. Significant differences have been found in the structural behavior between the modeling alternatives for 10- and 15-story buildings in terms of fundamental period, maximum lateral displacement, and base shear force; whereas for 20- and 25-story buildings, the structural response is not significantly different. In an expanded study of 180 “shear buildings” to obtain more results that allow establishing a trend in the behavior of buildings with basements, it was observed that the relationships between periods, lateral displacements, and base shear force between the ISE and EMP models tend to reduce to unity when the soil is stiffer and the building is more flexible (i.e., at greater heights).
The aim of this study is to evaluate different numerical modeling alternatives for buildings with basements, as this issue is approached in various ways in professional practice, which can sometimes lead to inconsistencies. Four modeling alternatives have been proposed: EMP, a model that ignores the presence of basements; SIN, a model with basements and fixed bases; ISM, a model with basements and soil reaction with fixed bases; and ISE, a model with basements and soil reaction across the entire contact surface of the basement with the ground. These alternatives have been implemented in 12 buildings, considering three types of soil and four different heights. Significant differences have been found in the structural behavior between the modeling alternatives for 10- and 15-story buildings in terms of fundamental period, maximum lateral displacement, and base shear force; whereas for 20- and 25-story buildings, the structural response is not significantly different. In an expanded study of 180 “shear buildings” to obtain more results that allow establishing a trend in the behavior of buildings with basements, it was observed that the relationships between periods, lateral displacements, and base shear force between the ISE and EMP models tend to reduce to unity when the soil is stiffer and the building is more flexible (i.e., at greater heights).
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Análisis estructural (Ingeniería), Sótanos, Edificios--Modelos matemáticos
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