Deficiente proceso de selección de servicios de atención integral en los CIAM para el envejecimiento activo de las personas adultas mayores en Lima Metropolitana
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La evolución demográfica actual destaca el crecimiento constante de la población de Personas
Adultas Mayores (PAM), un fenómeno que se observa a nivel mundial y se refleja de manera
específica en Perú, donde, para el año 2022, las PAM representaban el 13.3% de la población
total. Ante esta realidad, la implementación de políticas públicas enfocadas en el bienestar de
las PAM es fundamental. Los Centros Integrales de Atención al Adulto Mayor (CIAM),
supervisados por municipalidades distritales y promovidos por el Ministerio de la Mujer y
Poblaciones Vulnerables (MIMP), son esenciales para ofrecer una atención completa a este
sector. Sin embargo, en Lima Metropolitana, a pesar de que cada distrito cuenta con un CIAM,
estos centros no satisfacen las necesidades y expectativas de las PAM, impidiendo un
envejecimiento activo y saludable.
Una investigación profunda identificó cuatro causas principales detrás de esta problemática:
desconocimiento sobre el envejecimiento activo, presupuesto limitado e insuficiente, alta
rotación de personal poco especializado e insuficiente data relacionada al diagnóstico
situacional de las PAM. Entre estos factores, esta última resalta como la más crítica. En base
a la problemática y causas descritas, se identificó que la causa con mayor impacto sobre el
problema es la referida a la insuficiente data relacionada al diagnóstico situacional y de
necesidades de las PAM a nivel local, lo que permitió determinar el siguiente desafío de
innovación: ¿Cómo podemos lograr un eficiente diagnóstico situacional y de necesidades en
los CIAM de Lima Metropolitana para las PAM para que estos brinden adecuados servicios de
atención integral?
Para enfrentar este desafío, se propuso "EmPAMdrónate", una aplicación móvil innovadora
diseñada para recoger información directamente de las PAM a través de encuestas. Este
enfoque busca facilitar un diagnóstico preciso de las necesidades distritales de las PAM,
permitiendo así la adaptación y mejora de los servicios ofrecidos por los CIAM para responder
eficazmente a las demandas de este grupo, asegurando un soporte integral y promoviendo un
envejecimiento digno.
The current demographic evolution highlights the steady growth of the Elderly (PAM for its acronym in Spanish), a phenomenon observed worldwide and specifically reflected in Peru, where, by the year 2022, PAM represented 13.3% of the total population. Given this reality, the implementation of public policies focused on the well-being of PAM is fundamental. The Integral Care Center for the Elderly (CIAM for its acronym in Spanish), overseen by district municipalities and promoted by the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations (MIMP for its acronym in Spanish). are essential for providing complete care to this sector. However, in Metropolitan Lima, despite each district having a CIAM, these centers do not meet the needs and expectations of PAM, preventing active and healthy aging. In-depth research identified four main causes behind this issue: lack of awareness about active aging, limited and insufficient budget, high turnover of unskilled personnel, and insufficient data related to the situational diagnosis of PAM. Among these factors, the latter stands out as the most critical. Based on the described problem and causes, it was identified that the cause with the greatest impact on the problem is the insufficient data related to the situational diagnosis and needs of PAM at the local level, which led to determining the following innovation challenge: How can we achieve an efficient situational diagnosis and needs assessment in the CIAM of Metropolitan Lima for PAM so that they provide adequate comprehensive care services? To address this challenge, "EmPAMdrónate" was proposed, an innovative mobile application designed to collect information directly from PAM through surveys. This approach aims to facilitate an accurate diagnosis of the district-level needs of PAM, thus allowing the adaptation and improvement of the services offered by CIAM to effectively respond to the demands of this group, ensuring comprehensive support and promoting dignified aging.
The current demographic evolution highlights the steady growth of the Elderly (PAM for its acronym in Spanish), a phenomenon observed worldwide and specifically reflected in Peru, where, by the year 2022, PAM represented 13.3% of the total population. Given this reality, the implementation of public policies focused on the well-being of PAM is fundamental. The Integral Care Center for the Elderly (CIAM for its acronym in Spanish), overseen by district municipalities and promoted by the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations (MIMP for its acronym in Spanish). are essential for providing complete care to this sector. However, in Metropolitan Lima, despite each district having a CIAM, these centers do not meet the needs and expectations of PAM, preventing active and healthy aging. In-depth research identified four main causes behind this issue: lack of awareness about active aging, limited and insufficient budget, high turnover of unskilled personnel, and insufficient data related to the situational diagnosis of PAM. Among these factors, the latter stands out as the most critical. Based on the described problem and causes, it was identified that the cause with the greatest impact on the problem is the insufficient data related to the situational diagnosis and needs of PAM at the local level, which led to determining the following innovation challenge: How can we achieve an efficient situational diagnosis and needs assessment in the CIAM of Metropolitan Lima for PAM so that they provide adequate comprehensive care services? To address this challenge, "EmPAMdrónate" was proposed, an innovative mobile application designed to collect information directly from PAM through surveys. This approach aims to facilitate an accurate diagnosis of the district-level needs of PAM, thus allowing the adaptation and improvement of the services offered by CIAM to effectively respond to the demands of this group, ensuring comprehensive support and promoting dignified aging.
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Ancianos--Calidad de vida, Envejecimiento--Aspectos sociales--Perú, Envejecimiento--Aspectos económicos--Perú, Servicios públicos--Perú
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