Factores psicológicos y conductuales de la salud en un grupo de universitarios de Lima Metropolitana
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2013-12-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente estudió buscó evaluar la influencia del sentido de coherencia y las prácticas de salud
en la salud mental y física de un grupo de jóvenes universitarios. Se evaluaron 448 estudiantes
universitarios con edades entre 18-29 años, (M= 23.1 años, DE = 1.95) de distintas facultades de
los cuales, 58 % fueron hombres y 42 % mujeres. Se utilizaron regresiones lineales para el
tratamiento de los datos. Los resultados mostraron que el sentido de coherencia, el sexo, la
organización del tiempo libre y la organización del sueño influencian en la salud mental.
Mientras tanto la salud física está influenciada por el sentido de coherencia, la organización del
tiempo libre, la actividad física, la organización del sueño, el sexo y los hábitos alimentarios.
Factores psicológicos y comportamentales influenciaron la salud mental y física. El sentido de
coherencia, un mecanismo de afrontamiento mostró ser importante para la salud en general,
especialmente salud mental. Género mostró tener valor predictivo en ambos modelos
demostrando que existen diferencias en la percepción de salud en hombres y mujeres. La
organización del tiempo libre y la organización del sueño estuvieron presentes en ambos
modelos, siendo la primera la práctica con mayor fuerza predictiva en ambos modelos. Actividad
física y hábitos alimentarios mostraron valor predictivo en la salud física. Una hipótesis es que
los estudiantes universitarios practican estas actividades enfocándose más en su salud física y no
tanto en su salud mental.
Palabras Clave
Sentido de coherencia, prácticas de salud, salud percibida
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of sense of coherence and health behaviors in perceived mental and physical health in universities students. The sample was composed of 448 students between 18 and 29 years of age (M = 23.1 years old, SD = 1.95), 58% were males and 42 % females from different academic programs. Linear regression models were assessed for mental and physical health. Results showed that sense f coherence, sex, use of spare time and sleep influenced mental health. Meanwhile, physical health was influenced by sense of coherence, use of spare time, physical activity, sleep, sex and diet. Both psychological and behavioral factors influence mental and physical health. Moreover, coping mechanisms such as sense of coherence are very important for health especially mental health. Gender proved to be an important variable in these models and demonstrated that there is a difference between perceived mental and physical health in men and women. The use of spare time revealed to be the most influential behavior in both models and sleep demonstrated to also have an important influence in health. One hypothesis for these findings is that college students might tend to focus these activities as a source of physical health while not thinking on mental health. Key Words Sense of Coherence, health behaviors, perceived health
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of sense of coherence and health behaviors in perceived mental and physical health in universities students. The sample was composed of 448 students between 18 and 29 years of age (M = 23.1 years old, SD = 1.95), 58% were males and 42 % females from different academic programs. Linear regression models were assessed for mental and physical health. Results showed that sense f coherence, sex, use of spare time and sleep influenced mental health. Meanwhile, physical health was influenced by sense of coherence, use of spare time, physical activity, sleep, sex and diet. Both psychological and behavioral factors influence mental and physical health. Moreover, coping mechanisms such as sense of coherence are very important for health especially mental health. Gender proved to be an important variable in these models and demonstrated that there is a difference between perceived mental and physical health in men and women. The use of spare time revealed to be the most influential behavior in both models and sleep demonstrated to also have an important influence in health. One hypothesis for these findings is that college students might tend to focus these activities as a source of physical health while not thinking on mental health. Key Words Sense of Coherence, health behaviors, perceived health
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Keywords
Estudiantes universitarios--Salud e higiene, Stress (Psicología), Estudiantes universitarios--Perú--Investigaciones
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