Análisis de factores que influyen en la intención de uso de aplicaciones móviles para el gobierno electrónico: Clasificación socioeconómica de la población en el Perú
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Date
2022-07-12
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que influyen en la
intención de uso de una aplicación móvil para solicitar la Clasificación Socioeconómica
(CSE) por parte de los ciudadanos peruanos antes de ejecutar su implementación. La CSE es
un requisito exigido para acceder a algunos programas sociales y subsidios del Estado
Peruano1
. La aplicación móvil para solicitar la CSE formaría parte del marco del gobierno
electrónico del Perú, que, si bien no está muy desarrollado en el Perú, tiene un conjunto de
aplicaciones para realizar trámites en entidades del Estado Peruano (SUNAT, Pagalo.pe,
RENIEC, etc.).
Para la investigación se definió una extensión del Modelo de aceptación tecnológica
(TAM) (Davis, 1989), añadiendo 3 factores: (a) movilidad percibida, (b) tiempo y (c)
conocimiento tecnológico; su enfoque es cuantitativo, su diseño no experimental, del tipo
transversal, y de alcance correlacional y explicativo. Para las pruebas de aceptación se usó un
video como medio para presentar el prototipo de la aplicación móvil a los participantes de la
investigación, y una encuesta como instrumento de medición. Para el análisis e interpretación
de los datos se usó el enfoque de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS) del modelo de
ecuaciones estructurales (SEM).
El tamaño de la muestra fue de 395 encuestados, peruanos mayores de edad que
cuentan con al menos un teléfono móvil con acceso a internet. Los resultados de la
investigación concluyeron que el factor conocimiento tecnológico fue el que tiene más
influencia en la intención de uso de la aplicación móvil y que el factor movilidad percibida
fue rechazado a pesar de tratarse de una aplicación móvil. La presente investigación contribuye a conocer los factores que influyen en la
intención de uso de aplicaciones móviles para el Gobierno electrónico en el Perú por parte de
los ciudadanos y de esta manera, contribuir a incrementar los servicios electrónicos de
instituciones gubernamentales que se brindan a través de este medio en el Perú.
This research aims to analyse the factors that influence the intention to use a mobile application to request the Socioeconomic Classification (CSE, from the Spanish term Clasificación Socioeconómica) by Peruvian citizens before executing a rollout. The CSE is a requirement to access some social aid programs and subsidies from the Peruvian Government. The mobile application to request the CSE would be part of the e-Government of Peru’s framework, which, despite been not well developed in Peru, has a set of applications to carry out procedures in entities of the Peruvian State (SUNAT, pagalo.pe, RENIEC, etc.). For this research, an extension of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis, 1989) has been defined by adding three factors: (a) perceived mobility, (b) time, and (c) technological knowledge; its approach is quantitative, its design is non-experimental, its type is cross-sectional, and its scope is correlational and explanatory. For the acceptance tests, a video was used to present the mobile app prototype to the research participants, and a survey as a measurement instrument. For data analysis and interpretation, the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method was used to approach of the structural equation model (SEM). The sample size was 395 Peruvian respondents above the legal age, who have at least one mobile phone with internet service. The research results concluded that the technological knowledge factor was the main influencer on the intention to use a mobile application, and the perceived mobility factor was rejected as an influencer even though this research is based on a mobile application. This research contributes to knowing the factors that influence the intention to use mobile applications for e-government in Peru for citizens and thus contribute to increasing the electronic services of government institutions offered through this medium in Peru.
This research aims to analyse the factors that influence the intention to use a mobile application to request the Socioeconomic Classification (CSE, from the Spanish term Clasificación Socioeconómica) by Peruvian citizens before executing a rollout. The CSE is a requirement to access some social aid programs and subsidies from the Peruvian Government. The mobile application to request the CSE would be part of the e-Government of Peru’s framework, which, despite been not well developed in Peru, has a set of applications to carry out procedures in entities of the Peruvian State (SUNAT, pagalo.pe, RENIEC, etc.). For this research, an extension of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis, 1989) has been defined by adding three factors: (a) perceived mobility, (b) time, and (c) technological knowledge; its approach is quantitative, its design is non-experimental, its type is cross-sectional, and its scope is correlational and explanatory. For the acceptance tests, a video was used to present the mobile app prototype to the research participants, and a survey as a measurement instrument. For data analysis and interpretation, the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method was used to approach of the structural equation model (SEM). The sample size was 395 Peruvian respondents above the legal age, who have at least one mobile phone with internet service. The research results concluded that the technological knowledge factor was the main influencer on the intention to use a mobile application, and the perceived mobility factor was rejected as an influencer even though this research is based on a mobile application. This research contributes to knowing the factors that influence the intention to use mobile applications for e-government in Peru for citizens and thus contribute to increasing the electronic services of government institutions offered through this medium in Peru.
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Keywords
Aplicaciones--Dispositivos móviles, Programas sociales--Perú., Administracion pública--Perú, Servicios públicos--Regulación--Perú, Innovaciones tecnológicas
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