¿Quién es el empleador? El contractualismo bilateral puesto a prueba en el contrato de franquicia
Date
2025-03-12
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
El presente trabajo académico busca dar respuesta al siguiente problema
jurídico: ¿quién es el empleador de los trabajadores que prestan servicios en el
marco de un contrato de franquicia fisiológico? Con el objetivo de abordar dicha
interrogante, en las distintas secciones de este artículo se lleva a cabo un
detallado proceso de argumentación jurídica que se construye sobre doctrina
especializada nacional y extranjera, así como jurisprudencia y normativa
relevante. El trabajo académico concluye que la posición jurídica de empleador
de los trabajadores que prestan servicios en el marco de un contrato de
franquicia fisiológico está compuesta por una pluralidad de sujetos: el
franquiciante y el franquiciado. Para llegar a dicha conclusión, en los capítulos
de este artículo se construyen dos premisas de trabajo esenciales. De un lado,
se afirma que la principal dificultad que enfrenta el derecho del trabajo para la
regulación del contrato de franquicia fisiológico es la predominancia del
contractualismo bilateral como premisa del contrato de trabajo y de la naturaleza
de sus partes. Por otro lado, se sostiene que la referida dificultad se puede
superar a partir de considerar al contrato de franquicia fisiológico como un
supuesto de empleador complejo, siendo que la posición jurídica de empleador
está compuesta por una pluralidad de sujetos que se distribuyen las facultades
y las obligaciones del poder de dirección: el franquiciante y el franquiciado.
This academic paper seeks to answer the following legal problem: who is the employer of the employees who provide services within the framework of a physiological franchise agreement? To address this question, in the different sections of this article a detailed process of legal argumentation is carried out, which is built on specialized national and foreign doctrine, as well as jurisprudence and relevant regulations. The academic paper concludes that the legal position of employer of the employees who provide services within the framework of a physiological franchise agreement is composed of a plurality of subjects: the franchisor and the franchisee. To reach such conclusion, two essential working premises are constructed in the chapters of this article. On the one hand, it is stated that the main difficulty faced by labor law in regulating the physiological franchise agreement is the predominance of bilateral contractualism as a premise of the employment agreement and the nature of its parties. On the other hand, it is argued that this difficulty can be overcome by considering the physiological franchise agreement as a complex employer, since the legal position of employer is composed of a plurality of subjects that distribute the powers and obligations of the employer: the franchisor and the franchisee.
This academic paper seeks to answer the following legal problem: who is the employer of the employees who provide services within the framework of a physiological franchise agreement? To address this question, in the different sections of this article a detailed process of legal argumentation is carried out, which is built on specialized national and foreign doctrine, as well as jurisprudence and relevant regulations. The academic paper concludes that the legal position of employer of the employees who provide services within the framework of a physiological franchise agreement is composed of a plurality of subjects: the franchisor and the franchisee. To reach such conclusion, two essential working premises are constructed in the chapters of this article. On the one hand, it is stated that the main difficulty faced by labor law in regulating the physiological franchise agreement is the predominance of bilateral contractualism as a premise of the employment agreement and the nature of its parties. On the other hand, it is argued that this difficulty can be overcome by considering the physiological franchise agreement as a complex employer, since the legal position of employer is composed of a plurality of subjects that distribute the powers and obligations of the employer: the franchisor and the franchisee.
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Franquicias--Legislación--Perú, Derecho laboral--Perú, Contratos de trabajo--Perú
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