Desafíos y oportunidades en la defensa del Principio del Interés Superior del Niño en casos de tenencia
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Abstract
El problema principal del trabajo radica en la aplicación del PISN en decisiones
judiciales sobre tenencia en Perú. Este principio busca asegurar que las
decisiones relacionadas con la tenencia prioricen el bienestar integral de los
menores de edad, aunque su aplicación en la práctica enfrenta desafíos debido
a enfoques tradicionales, la falta de flexibilidad y el enfoque en la tenencia
compartida sin considerar adecuadamente las realidades particulares de cada
caso.
Para abordar este problema, se emplean instrumentos normativos
internacionales y nacionales, como la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño
y la Ley 30466 de Perú, que establece el ISN como derecho, norma de
interpretación y de procedimiento. A nivel nacional, la Ley 31590 de 2022
introduce la tenencia compartida como regla general, permitiendo la tenencia
exclusiva solo en circunstancias excepcionales. Sin embargo, esto ha generado
debate, ya que la tenencia compartida puede no ser adecuada en todos los casos
y puede afectar el bienestar del menor si no se implementa con suficiente
flexibilidad.
Las principales conclusiones destacan la necesidad de adaptar las decisiones
judiciales para asegurar el bienestar del menor de edad, fomentar su
participación en el proceso y aplicar principios de buen gobierno en los
procedimientos judiciales. Estos principios aseguran decisiones transparentes,
eficientes y enfocadas en el bienestar del menor de edad, con seguimiento
posterior para ajustar las medidas cuando sea necesario.
The main problem of the paper lies in the application of the PISN in judicial decisions on custody in Peru. This principle seeks to ensure that decisions related to custody prioritize the integral wellbeing of minors, although its application in practice faces challenges due to traditional approaches, lack of flexibility and a focus on shared custody without adequately considering the particular realities of each case. International and national normative instruments are used to address this problem, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child and Law 30466 of Peru, which establishes the ISN as a right, rule of interpretation and procedure. At the national level, Law 31590 of 2022 introduces shared tenancy as a general rule, allowing exclusive tenancy only in exceptional circumstances. However, this has generated debate, as shared custody may not be appropriate in all cases and may affect the welfare of the child if not implemented with sufficient flexibility. The main conclusions highlight the need to adapt judicial decisions to ensure the welfare of the child, encourage the child's participation in the process and apply principles of good governance in judicial proceedings. These principles ensure transparent, efficient and child welfare-focused decisions, with subsequent follow-up to adjust measures when necessary.
The main problem of the paper lies in the application of the PISN in judicial decisions on custody in Peru. This principle seeks to ensure that decisions related to custody prioritize the integral wellbeing of minors, although its application in practice faces challenges due to traditional approaches, lack of flexibility and a focus on shared custody without adequately considering the particular realities of each case. International and national normative instruments are used to address this problem, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child and Law 30466 of Peru, which establishes the ISN as a right, rule of interpretation and procedure. At the national level, Law 31590 of 2022 introduces shared tenancy as a general rule, allowing exclusive tenancy only in exceptional circumstances. However, this has generated debate, as shared custody may not be appropriate in all cases and may affect the welfare of the child if not implemented with sufficient flexibility. The main conclusions highlight the need to adapt judicial decisions to ensure the welfare of the child, encourage the child's participation in the process and apply principles of good governance in judicial proceedings. These principles ensure transparent, efficient and child welfare-focused decisions, with subsequent follow-up to adjust measures when necessary.