Tercerización laboral y contrato de gerenciamiento: una relación compleja
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2025-03-31
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Abstract
La gerencia de una sociedad en Perú juega un rol vital en su éxito presente y
futuro, con responsabilidades que incluyen su gestión diaria y cotidiana, bajo
directrices establecidas por el directorio (de existir) y la junta general de
accionistas. Con el fin de garantizar un gerenciamiento idóneo, la legislación
societaria permite que la gerencia sea encargada a una persona natural o
jurídica, exigiendo en este último caso que la sociedad gerenciante designe a
una persona natural para que ejerza la representación de la sociedad
gerenciada. Por su lado, la regulación laboral sobre tercerización de servicios
plantea desafíos al aplicarse al contrato de gerenciamiento, dado que la
designación de una persona natural como representante de la sociedad
gerenciada debe compatibilizarse con el requisito de que la sociedad gerenciante
mantenga exclusiva subordinación sobre su personal, para no comprometer la
validez del contrato como supuesto de tercerización. Para algunos autores, en
todos los casos tal persona natural se encontraría subordinada a la sociedad
gerenciada. Sin embargo, a partir del análisis de la figura del contrato de gerencia
regulado por la norma societaria y de la regulación sobre tercerización laboral,
en el presente artículo se concluye que este servicio puede estructurarse de
forma que el gerenciamiento se externalice íntegra y autónomamente a la
gerenciante. Dicho de otro modo, se postula que la persona natural que es
designada representante de la gerenciada debe mantenerse bajo la exclusiva
subordinación de su empleadora (la gerenciante), para que la tercerización sea
válida y no se desnaturalice.
The management of a company in Peru plays a vital role in its present and future success, with responsibilities including the administration of daily operations managed under guidelines set by the board of directors (if existing) and shareholders. To ensure said effective management, Peruvian corporate law allows management to be entrusted to either an individual or a legal entity (another company), with the latter requiring the appointing of an individual by the managing entity to act as representative of the managed entity. Meanwhile, labor regulations on outsourcing pose challenges when applied to management agreements in virtue of which legal entities are appointed as managers, as the designation of an individual as representative of the managed entity must align with the requirement that the managing entity retains exclusive control over its personnel, to uphold the contract’s validity as an outsourcing arrangement. According to some authors, such individual would always be subordinated to the managed entity. However, based on the analysis of management contracts regulated by corporate law and labor outsourcing regulations, in this article it is concluded that such service can be structured so that management is wholly and autonomously outsourced to the managing entity. In other words, it argues that the individual designated as the representative of the managed entity must remain under the exclusive control of their employer (the managing entity) to ensure the outsourcing remains valid and is not considered denaturalized.
The management of a company in Peru plays a vital role in its present and future success, with responsibilities including the administration of daily operations managed under guidelines set by the board of directors (if existing) and shareholders. To ensure said effective management, Peruvian corporate law allows management to be entrusted to either an individual or a legal entity (another company), with the latter requiring the appointing of an individual by the managing entity to act as representative of the managed entity. Meanwhile, labor regulations on outsourcing pose challenges when applied to management agreements in virtue of which legal entities are appointed as managers, as the designation of an individual as representative of the managed entity must align with the requirement that the managing entity retains exclusive control over its personnel, to uphold the contract’s validity as an outsourcing arrangement. According to some authors, such individual would always be subordinated to the managed entity. However, based on the analysis of management contracts regulated by corporate law and labor outsourcing regulations, in this article it is concluded that such service can be structured so that management is wholly and autonomously outsourced to the managing entity. In other words, it argues that the individual designated as the representative of the managed entity must remain under the exclusive control of their employer (the managing entity) to ensure the outsourcing remains valid and is not considered denaturalized.
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Subcontratación--Perú, Empresas--Dirección y administración, Contratos de trabajo--Perú, Derecho societario--Perú
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