Los límites de la potestad sancionadora: la responsabilidad funcional a partir del Acuerdo Plenario 01-2024-CG/TSRA-Sala Plena
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente artículo analiza los límites de la potestad sancionadora de la
Contraloría General de la República a partir del Acuerdo Plenario 01-2024-
CG/TSRA-Sala Plena, el cual busca unir criterios sobre la responsabilidad
administrativa funcional. El trabajo examina la coherencia y suficiencia de dicho
acuerdo, especialmente en lo relacionado a la determinación del beneficio
indebido, la imputación causal y las exigencias probatorias aplicables a los
procedimientos sancionadores del Sistema Nacional de Control.
A través de un enfoque analítico, se identifica problemas entre el diseño teórico
y su aplicación práctica. En particular, se evalúan los riesgos derivados del uso
de conceptos amplios o indeterminados, como el beneficio indebido, el deber
funcional o el nexo causal, los cuales podrían generar interpretaciones
incompatibles con los principios de tipicidad, culpabilidad e imputación objetiva
recogidos en la Ley N° 27444 y la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional. El
análisis también incorpora el contraste entre la responsabilidad funcional y la
responsabilidad administrativa general. Se evidencia que la configuración del
beneficio indebido como elemento de la infracción exige una acreditación
concreta y verificable, la cual no siempre se garantiza en la práctica
sancionadora.
El artículo concluye que el Acuerdo Plenario constituye un avance en términos
de sistematización, pero presenta vacíos interpretativos y riesgos de aplicación
que justifican su revisión crítica. Por ello se propone una lectura más garantista
que refuerce los límites de la potestad sancionadora y asegure una imputación
funcional estricta, respetando del debido procedimiento y la razonabilidad en la
determinación de la responsabilidad.
This article analyzes the limits of the Comptroller General of the Republic's sanctioning powers based on Plenary Agreement 01-2024-CG/TSRA-Sala Plena, which seeks to unify criteria regarding functional administrative liability. The paper examines the coherence and sufficiency of this agreement, particularly concerning the determination of undue benefit, causal attribution, and the evidentiary requirements applicable to the sanctioning procedures of the National Control System. Through an analytical approach, problems are identified between the theoretical design and its practical application. In particular, the risks arising from the use of broad or indeterminate concepts, such as undue benefit, functional duty, or causal link, are evaluated, as these could generate interpretations incompatible with the principles of legality, culpability, and objective imputation enshrined in Law N° 27444 and the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court. The analysis also incorporates the contrast between functional responsibility and general administrative responsibility. It is evident that establishing undue benefit as an element of the infraction requires concrete and verifiable proof, which is not always guaranteed in sanctioning practice. The article concludes that the Plenary Agreement represents progress in terms of systematization, but presents interpretive gaps and application risks that justify its critical review. Therefore, a more rights-based interpretation is proposed, one that reinforces the limits of the power to impose sanctions and ensures strict functional imputation, respecting due process and reasonableness in determining responsibility.
This article analyzes the limits of the Comptroller General of the Republic's sanctioning powers based on Plenary Agreement 01-2024-CG/TSRA-Sala Plena, which seeks to unify criteria regarding functional administrative liability. The paper examines the coherence and sufficiency of this agreement, particularly concerning the determination of undue benefit, causal attribution, and the evidentiary requirements applicable to the sanctioning procedures of the National Control System. Through an analytical approach, problems are identified between the theoretical design and its practical application. In particular, the risks arising from the use of broad or indeterminate concepts, such as undue benefit, functional duty, or causal link, are evaluated, as these could generate interpretations incompatible with the principles of legality, culpability, and objective imputation enshrined in Law N° 27444 and the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court. The analysis also incorporates the contrast between functional responsibility and general administrative responsibility. It is evident that establishing undue benefit as an element of the infraction requires concrete and verifiable proof, which is not always guaranteed in sanctioning practice. The article concludes that the Plenary Agreement represents progress in terms of systematization, but presents interpretive gaps and application risks that justify its critical review. Therefore, a more rights-based interpretation is proposed, one that reinforces the limits of the power to impose sanctions and ensures strict functional imputation, respecting due process and reasonableness in determining responsibility.
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Perú. Contraloría General de la República, Responsabilidad administrativa--Perú, Sanciones administrativas--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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