Apego adulto y resiliencia en internas en un establecimiento penitenciario de Lima
Date
2017-12-01
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre el apego adulto
y la resiliencia en internas de un establecimiento penitenciario modelo de mínima y
mediana seguridad de Lima metropolitana. El grupo de participantes estuvo conformado
por 119 internas entre 18 y 40 años (M= 30, DE= 6.24) con un tiempo de reclusión entre
1 mes y 108 meses (M= 29.61, DE= 26.21). Para evaluar el apego se utilizó la versión
reducida de la escala CaMir, CaMir-R (Balluerka, Lacasa, Gorostiaga, Muela, &
Pierrehumbert, 2011). Para medir el nivel de resiliencia se utilizó la escala Resilience
Scale for Adults (RSA; Friborg, Hjemdal, Rosenvigne, & Martinussen, 2003). Se
encontró que aquellas internas que reportaban mayores niveles de seguridad, así como
menores niveles de traumatismo infantil, permisividad parental, autosuficiencia y rencor
hacia los padres y preocupación familiar poseían un mayor nivel de resiliencia.
Asimismo, aquellas que vivieron con su madre en los primeros años de vida poseían
mayores niveles de seguridad y menores niveles de preocupación familiar,
autosuficiencia y rencor hacia los padres y traumatismo infantil; mientras que aquellas
que vivieron con sus padres reportaron una puntuación más baja en permisividad
parental. Además, las participantes que eran visitadas con más frecuencia tenían
menores niveles de traumatismo infantil. La resiliencia tuvo una relación negativa con
el número de hijos y el tiempo de reclusión, y una relación positiva con la frecuencia de
visitas, así como también sería mayor en aquellas que habían accedido a estudios
superiores y pertenecían a un pabellón de mediana seguridad.
The present research aimed to analyze the relationship between adult attachment and resilience in female inmates of a penitentiary institution of minimum and medium security in Lima Metropolitana. The number of participants was 119 Peruvian interns between 18 and 40 years old (M= 30, SD= 6.24) with a time of confinement between 1 and 108 months (M= 29.61, SD= 26.21). To evaluate the attachment, we used the reduced version of the CaMir scale (CaMir-R; Balluerka, Lacasa, Gorostiaga, Muela, & Pierrehumbert, 2011) To measure the level of resilience, we used the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA; Friborg, Hjemdal, Rosenvigne, & Martinussen, 2003). It was found that those who reported higher levels of security, as well as lower levels of childhood trauma, parental permissiveness, self-sufficiency and resentment towards parents and family concern had higher levels of resilience. Those who lived with their mother in the first years of life had higher levels of security and lower levels of family concern, selfsufficiency and resentment toward parents and childhood trauma; as well as those who lived with their father reported a lower score on parental permissiveness. Also, those who were visited more frequently had lower levels of childhood trauma. Resilience had a negative relationship with the number of children, the length of time spent in seclusion and a positive relationship with the number of visits. Additionally, it was found that those who had access to higher education and those who belong to a medium security ward reported greater resilience.
The present research aimed to analyze the relationship between adult attachment and resilience in female inmates of a penitentiary institution of minimum and medium security in Lima Metropolitana. The number of participants was 119 Peruvian interns between 18 and 40 years old (M= 30, SD= 6.24) with a time of confinement between 1 and 108 months (M= 29.61, SD= 26.21). To evaluate the attachment, we used the reduced version of the CaMir scale (CaMir-R; Balluerka, Lacasa, Gorostiaga, Muela, & Pierrehumbert, 2011) To measure the level of resilience, we used the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA; Friborg, Hjemdal, Rosenvigne, & Martinussen, 2003). It was found that those who reported higher levels of security, as well as lower levels of childhood trauma, parental permissiveness, self-sufficiency and resentment towards parents and family concern had higher levels of resilience. Those who lived with their mother in the first years of life had higher levels of security and lower levels of family concern, selfsufficiency and resentment toward parents and childhood trauma; as well as those who lived with their father reported a lower score on parental permissiveness. Also, those who were visited more frequently had lower levels of childhood trauma. Resilience had a negative relationship with the number of children, the length of time spent in seclusion and a positive relationship with the number of visits. Additionally, it was found that those who had access to higher education and those who belong to a medium security ward reported greater resilience.
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Keywords
Apego, Resiliencia, Prisiones--Mujeres
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