Desarrollo de la expresión oral en inglés en educación secundaria a través del enfoque comunicativo
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Date
2022-03-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El idioma inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL, por sus siglas en inglés) se ha
convertido en una materia indispensable en las aulas de educación secundaria debido
a las oportunidades económicas y sociales que brinda su manejo. Es así que, para
lograr el aprendizaje de esta lengua, el Ministerio de Educación aporta lineamientos
para su enseñanza aplicando el Enfoque Comunicativo (CLT). Tras reflexionar sobre
este tema, surge el interés por describir cómo se desarrolla la oralidad en EFL en el
nivel secundaria siguiendo este enfoque. De esta manera, la presente investigación
pretende describir el CLT y su relación con el desarrollo de la expresión oral; así como
identificar las capacidades de la expresión oral, estrategias para desarrollarla y los
criterios de evaluación que se emplean. El estudio de esta información permite llevar
a cabo sesiones de aprendizaje fundamentadas en este enfoque comprendiendo sus
principios. Los resultados de la investigación sugieren que para trabajar la oralidad en
EFL el objetivo debe ser lograr que el alumno se comunique en inglés en situaciones
reales y significativas. Para ello, las estrategias de enseñanza deben promover un
ambiente seguro y motivador en el aula, puesto que favorece el trabajo colaborativo,
la reflexión metalingüística y el alumno puede entenderse como el responsable de su
propio aprendizaje. Las capacidades de la expresión oral identificadas comprenden
la comprensión auditiva, planificación, complejidad, precisión y fluidez. Los criterios
de evaluación varían de acuerdo con la capacidad a evaluar y sus desempeños, en
concordancia con el grado.
English as a Foreign Language (EFL) has become an indispensable subject in secondary education classrooms due to the economic and social opportunities it provides. Thus, to achieve the learning of this language, the Ministry of Education provides guidelines for its teaching by applying the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). After reflecting on this topic, the interest arises to describe how orality in EFL develops at the secondary level following this approach. In this way, the present research aims to describe CLT and its relationship with the development of oral expression; as well as to identify the capacities of the oral expression, strategies to develop it and the evaluation criteria that are used. The study of this information allows to carry out learning sessions based on this approach, understanding its principles. The results of the research suggest that in order to work on orality in EFL the objective should be to get the student to communicate in English in real and meaningful situations. For this, teaching strategies must promote a safe and motivating environment in the classroom, since it allows collaborative work, metalinguistic reflection and the student can behave as the person responsible for his or her own learning. Identified oral expression skills include listening, planning, complexity, precision, and fluency. The evaluation criteria vary according to the capacity and its performances to evaluate, in accordance with the grade.
English as a Foreign Language (EFL) has become an indispensable subject in secondary education classrooms due to the economic and social opportunities it provides. Thus, to achieve the learning of this language, the Ministry of Education provides guidelines for its teaching by applying the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). After reflecting on this topic, the interest arises to describe how orality in EFL develops at the secondary level following this approach. In this way, the present research aims to describe CLT and its relationship with the development of oral expression; as well as to identify the capacities of the oral expression, strategies to develop it and the evaluation criteria that are used. The study of this information allows to carry out learning sessions based on this approach, understanding its principles. The results of the research suggest that in order to work on orality in EFL the objective should be to get the student to communicate in English in real and meaningful situations. For this, teaching strategies must promote a safe and motivating environment in the classroom, since it allows collaborative work, metalinguistic reflection and the student can behave as the person responsible for his or her own learning. Identified oral expression skills include listening, planning, complexity, precision, and fluency. The evaluation criteria vary according to the capacity and its performances to evaluate, in accordance with the grade.
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Keywords
Inglés--Estudio y enseñanza, Comunicación oral, Educación secundaria--Perú, Comunicación en educación
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