Motivación académica: complejos de metas de logro y engagement académico en universitarias(os)
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo general analizar la relación entre los complejos de metas
de logro y el engagement académico en estudiantes universitarias(os). Adicionalmente, se
propuso, como objetivo específico, describir las diferencias en el nivel de tal engagement, entre
hombres y mujeres. En ese sentido, se contó con una muestra conformada por 138 estudiantes
de una universidad privada de Lima Metropolitana, entre 18 y 25 años (M = 20.42, DE = 1.94).
De ellas(os), 52.9% son hombres; 44.9%, mujeres; y 2.2% seleccionó “Otro” o “Prefiero no
decirlo”. Gran parte de las(os) alumnas(os) (50.7%) participaba de actividades
extracurriculares y la mayoría (74.6%) no estaba trabajando o realizando prácticas pre
profesionales. Respecto a los instrumentos, se utilizó la Escala de Complejos de Metas de
Logro Autónomas y Controladas, y la Escala de Engagement Académico (UWES-S9). En
cuanto a los resultados, se seleccionó un modelo de regresión lineal y, con base en este, se halló
que el Complejo de metas de aproximación al aprendizaje autónomas predice positiva y
significativamente el engagement académico. Por el contrario, el Complejo de metas de
aproximación al aprendizaje controladas predice de manera negativa y significativa tal
engagement. Cabe señalar la presencia de un modelo de regresión alternativo, que explica
menor porcentaje de varianza. Adicionalmente, no se hallaron diferencias significativas en el
nivel de engagement académico, entre hombres y mujeres. Estos hallazgos fueron analizados
con base en la Teoría de la Autodeterminación y la Teoría de las Metas de Logro.
The primary aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between achievement goal complexes and academic engagement among undergraduate students. Additionally, a specific objective focused on describing the differences in the level of such engagement, between men and women. Data were collected from 138 undergraduate students enrolled at a private university in the Lima Metropolitan Area, aged 18 to 25 years old (M = 20.42, SD = 1.94). In this regard, 52.9% of the sample are men; 44.9%, women; and 2.2% selected “Other” or “Preferred not to express it”. The majority of students (50.7%) took part in extracurricular activities and the vast majority (74.6%) was not working nor pursuing an internship. With respect to the scales, the Autonomous and Controlled Achievement Goal Complex Scale as well as the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students (UWES-S9) were used as part of the study. Besides, linear regression analyses were developed and, in this regard, it was found that the Autonomous mastery-approach goal complex positively predicts academic engagement. On the contrary, the Controlled mastery-approach goal complex negatively predicts such engagement. It is important to note that a second regression model was developed; however, it explains less percentage variance. Additionally, significant differences in academic engagement between men and women were not found. These results were discussed based on Self-Determination Theory and Achievement Goal Theory.
The primary aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between achievement goal complexes and academic engagement among undergraduate students. Additionally, a specific objective focused on describing the differences in the level of such engagement, between men and women. Data were collected from 138 undergraduate students enrolled at a private university in the Lima Metropolitan Area, aged 18 to 25 years old (M = 20.42, SD = 1.94). In this regard, 52.9% of the sample are men; 44.9%, women; and 2.2% selected “Other” or “Preferred not to express it”. The majority of students (50.7%) took part in extracurricular activities and the vast majority (74.6%) was not working nor pursuing an internship. With respect to the scales, the Autonomous and Controlled Achievement Goal Complex Scale as well as the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students (UWES-S9) were used as part of the study. Besides, linear regression analyses were developed and, in this regard, it was found that the Autonomous mastery-approach goal complex positively predicts academic engagement. On the contrary, the Controlled mastery-approach goal complex negatively predicts such engagement. It is important to note that a second regression model was developed; however, it explains less percentage variance. Additionally, significant differences in academic engagement between men and women were not found. These results were discussed based on Self-Determination Theory and Achievement Goal Theory.
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