Adaptación del contenido textual de una página web para las personas con discapacidad auditiva
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Date
2021-08-25
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Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Las personas con discapacidad auditiva enfrentan innumerables barreras como la de
comunicación y acceso a la información. La accesibilidad web es una herramienta
importante para cualquier persona con diferentes tipos de discapacidad pueda acceder
a la información de diversas índoles que se encuentran en la web. De no tenerla, genera
exclusión de estas personas ya que no podrán interactuar con las interfaces webs.
Actualmente, muchos estudios proponen incluir vídeos con señas para las páginas web,
subtítulos en los vídeos o las transcripciones como otra alternativa para las personas
con discapacidad auditiva. Sin embargo, en ninguno de esos estudios se menciona
como reducir la complejidad del contenido textual de una página web. Es muy importante
precisar que las personas con esta discapacidad no desarrollan el lenguaje en edades
tempranas, estas deficiencias ocasionan problemas cognitivos que incluyen el lenguaje
oral, vocabulario, estructura de oraciones, habilidades sociales.
Para ello, se llevó a cabo una evaluación de usuarios de una página web donde
encontraron errores al realizar diversas tareas. Luego se realizó una propuesta que
consistía en el rediseño de la página web usando los criterios según los lineamientos de
accesibilidad del contenido web (WCAG 2.1) y la observación de los participantes.
Finalmente, se realizó otra evaluación de usuarios y se pudo constatar que hay una
mejora con respecto a la anterior página web ya que lograron completar la mayoría de
las tareas exitosamente.
People with hearing disabilities face innumerable barriers such as communication and access to information. Web accessibility is an important tools for anyone with different types of disabilities to access information of various kinds found on the web. If not, it generates exclusion of these people since they will not be able to interact with the web interfaces. Nowadays, many studies propose including signing videos for web pages, subtitles in videos or transcripts as another alternative for people with hearing disabilities. However, none of these studies mention how to reduce the complexity of the textual content of a web page. It is very important to specify that people with this disability do not develop language at early ages, these deficiencies cause cognitive problems that include oral language, vocabulary, sentence structure, social skills. For this, an evaluation of users of a web page was carried out where errors were found when performing various tasks. Then a proposal was made that consisted of redesigning the website using the criteria according to the web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG 2.1) and the observation of the participants. Finally, another user evaluation was carried out and it was found that there is an improvement over the previous website since they managed to complete most of the tasks successfully.
People with hearing disabilities face innumerable barriers such as communication and access to information. Web accessibility is an important tools for anyone with different types of disabilities to access information of various kinds found on the web. If not, it generates exclusion of these people since they will not be able to interact with the web interfaces. Nowadays, many studies propose including signing videos for web pages, subtitles in videos or transcripts as another alternative for people with hearing disabilities. However, none of these studies mention how to reduce the complexity of the textual content of a web page. It is very important to specify that people with this disability do not develop language at early ages, these deficiencies cause cognitive problems that include oral language, vocabulary, sentence structure, social skills. For this, an evaluation of users of a web page was carried out where errors were found when performing various tasks. Then a proposal was made that consisted of redesigning the website using the criteria according to the web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG 2.1) and the observation of the participants. Finally, another user evaluation was carried out and it was found that there is an improvement over the previous website since they managed to complete most of the tasks successfully.
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Keywords
Sitios Web--Usabilidad, Personas con discapacidad--Accesibilidad, Audición