El lugar del desaparecido en los familiares y socias(os), de ANFASEP, Ayacucho
Date
2019-04-11
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Los familiares de desaparecidos, a pesar de haber quedado aparentemente en un
escenario paralizado de dolor y sufrimiento después del conflicto armado interno-CAI, fueron
capaces de encontrar fortalezas y crearon estrategias de afronte para encarar la vida. Los y las
familiares vienen participando activamente por más de 34 años en la Asociación de
Familiares Detenidos y Secuestrados del Perú- ANFASEP, luchando por la verdad, la justicia
y la reparación.
La presente investigación, tiene como objetivo analizar el significado del
desaparecido, a partir de sus experiencias vividas a nivel personal y colectivo en ANFASEP.
La metodología empleada, fue cualitativa, con carácter fenomenológico y desde una mirada
etnográfica. Se realizó la observación etnográfica en diferentes escenarios, entrevistas
individuales y un grupo de discusión, estas técnicas dialogaron entre sí, para la elaboración de
los resultados de la investigación. Los y las participantes, fueron familiares directos de
desaparecidos que son socias (os) en ANFASEP. Los resultados, dan cuenta que el tiempo,
como proceso es fundamental para elaborar y reelaborar las experiencias vividas a partir del
desaparecido, de manera personal y colectivo. Desde la psicología comunitaria, la
investigación reconoce la agencia y la capacidad de transformación que ha permitido
reconfigurar la vida de los familiares de desaparecidos, a lo largo del tiempo. Una mirada
intercultural, a través de las costumbres, rituales culturales, elementos simbólicos;
permitieron y establecieron formas de comunicación y de relación entre los vivos, con los
desaparecidos y desaparecidos-muertos, y a partir de las vivencias colectivas, se ha
construido un sentido de comunidad, y es desde allí que se le otorga el significado al
desaparecido.
The relatives of the disappeared, despite apparently being left in a paralyzed scenario of pain and suffering after the internal armed conflicto-CAI, were able to find strengths and strategies to face and face life. The family members have been actively participating for more than 34 years in ANFASEP, fighting for truth, justice and reparation. The objetive of this research is to analyze the construction of the meaning of the disappeared person, based on his personal and collective experiences in ANFASEP. The methodology used was qualitative, with phenomenological character and from an ethnographic perspective. The ethnographic observation was carried out in different scenarios, individual interviews and a discussion group, these techniques dialogues with each other, in the elaboration of the results of the investigation. The participants were direct relatives of the disappeared who are members of ANFASEP. The results show that time, as a process, is fundamental to elaborate and rework the experiences lived from the disappeared, in a personal and collective way. From the community psychology, the research recognizes the agency and the capacity for transformation that has allowed to reconfigure the life of the relatives of the disappeared, over time. An intercultural look, through customs, cultural rituals, symbolic elements; allowed and established forms of communication and relationship between the living, with the disappeared and disappeared-dead, and from the collective experiences, a sense of community has been built, and it is from there that the meaning is given to the disappeared.
The relatives of the disappeared, despite apparently being left in a paralyzed scenario of pain and suffering after the internal armed conflicto-CAI, were able to find strengths and strategies to face and face life. The family members have been actively participating for more than 34 years in ANFASEP, fighting for truth, justice and reparation. The objetive of this research is to analyze the construction of the meaning of the disappeared person, based on his personal and collective experiences in ANFASEP. The methodology used was qualitative, with phenomenological character and from an ethnographic perspective. The ethnographic observation was carried out in different scenarios, individual interviews and a discussion group, these techniques dialogues with each other, in the elaboration of the results of the investigation. The participants were direct relatives of the disappeared who are members of ANFASEP. The results show that time, as a process, is fundamental to elaborate and rework the experiences lived from the disappeared, in a personal and collective way. From the community psychology, the research recognizes the agency and the capacity for transformation that has allowed to reconfigure the life of the relatives of the disappeared, over time. An intercultural look, through customs, cultural rituals, symbolic elements; allowed and established forms of communication and relationship between the living, with the disappeared and disappeared-dead, and from the collective experiences, a sense of community has been built, and it is from there that the meaning is given to the disappeared.
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Keywords
Personas desaparecidas--Ayacucho (Perú : Departamento), Conflicto armado--Ayacucho (Perú : Departamento), Violencia política--Ayacucho (Perú : Departamento), Terrorismo--Ayacucho (Perú : Departamento), Familia--Salud mental--Ayacucho (Perú : Departamento)
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