Programa de segregación en fuente de residuos sólidos municipales en el distrito de Cusco
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
La gestión de residuos sólidos representa un desafío crítico para las ciudades en vías
de desarrollo, especialmente aquellas con un elevado flujo turístico como el distrito de Cusco,
donde confluyen tensiones entre crecimiento urbano, fragilidad ambiental y capacidades
institucionales limitadas. En ese marco, el presente estudio analiza la “Deficiencia en la
gestión de residuos sólidos en la municipalidad del Cusco - Período 2021–2023”, identificando
como principal causa estructural la escasa cultura ambiental de la población y el
desconocimiento sobre prácticas de segregación en la fuente.
Frente a este contexto, el proyecto plantea una propuesta de innovación basada en el
diseño e implementación de un “Programa de Segregación en Fuente de Residuos Sólidos
Municipales en el Distrito de Cusco”, focalizado en restaurantes turísticos del centro histórico
de Cusco. Esta población objetivo fue seleccionada por su alta generación de residuos, su
visibilidad social y su capacidad operativa para implementar cambios inmediatos, la propuesta
incorpora elementos de la economía conductual (nudges), aprendizaje activo y capacitación
in situ.
En suma, este proyecto no se limita a resolver un problema técnico operativo, sino
que busca transformar la gestión de residuos en el distrito de Cusco mediante una innovación
pública con enfoque territorial, educativo y participativo. Su implementación contribuirá a una
ciudad más limpia, resiliente y ambientalmente responsable, en la cual la ciudadanía sea
coprotagonista del cambio hacia un modelo de desarrollo más justo y sostenible.
Solid waste management represents a critical challenge for developing cities, especially those with high tourist traffic such as the district of Cusco, where tensions between urban growth, environmental fragility, and limited institutional capacities converge. Within this framework, this study analyzes the "Deficiency in Solid Waste Management in the Municipality of Cusco - Period 2021–2023," identifying the main structural cause as the population's limited environmental literacy and lack of knowledge about source segregation practices. Given this context, the project proposes an innovative approach based on the design and implementation of a "Municipal Solid Waste Source Segregation Program in the District of Cusco," focused on tourist restaurants in the historic center of Cusco. This target population was selected for its high waste generation, social visibility, and operational capacity to implement immediate changes. The proposal incorporates elements of behavioral economics (nudges), active learning, and on-site training. In short, this project is not limited to solving technical and operational problems; rather, it aims to transform waste management in the district of Cusco through a public innovation with a territorial, educational, and participatory approach. Its implementation will contribute to a cleaner, more resilient, and environmentally responsible city, in which citizens are coprotagonists in the transition toward a more just and sustainable development model.
Solid waste management represents a critical challenge for developing cities, especially those with high tourist traffic such as the district of Cusco, where tensions between urban growth, environmental fragility, and limited institutional capacities converge. Within this framework, this study analyzes the "Deficiency in Solid Waste Management in the Municipality of Cusco - Period 2021–2023," identifying the main structural cause as the population's limited environmental literacy and lack of knowledge about source segregation practices. Given this context, the project proposes an innovative approach based on the design and implementation of a "Municipal Solid Waste Source Segregation Program in the District of Cusco," focused on tourist restaurants in the historic center of Cusco. This target population was selected for its high waste generation, social visibility, and operational capacity to implement immediate changes. The proposal incorporates elements of behavioral economics (nudges), active learning, and on-site training. In short, this project is not limited to solving technical and operational problems; rather, it aims to transform waste management in the district of Cusco through a public innovation with a territorial, educational, and participatory approach. Its implementation will contribute to a cleaner, more resilient, and environmentally responsible city, in which citizens are coprotagonists in the transition toward a more just and sustainable development model.
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Palabras clave
Gestión integrada de residuos--Perú--Cuzco, Responsabilidad por el medio ambiente--Perú--Cuzco, Gobierno municipal--Perú--Cuzco