Motivaciones para estudiar música como profesión en estudiantes que abandonaron una carrera previa
Date
2019-11-08
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En un contexto en el que la música es desvalorizada en calidad de carrera profesional
y la motivación es determinante en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y en la deserción
profesional, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar las principales
motivaciones en el cambio de carrera dirigido hacia la elección de una profesión musical, en
estudiantes de carreras musicales de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Mediante el
enfoque teórico de la Autodeterminación y conceptos motivacionales en el ámbito
académico, se emplea el paradigma cualitativo con un diseño de análisis temático, tomando
como principal fuente de información una entrevista semi-estructurada, adaptada en base a la
realización de un primer piloto. De esta manera, se encuentran seis factores que actúan de
manera transversal en la motivación para el cambio de carrera, la elección de una profesión
musical, la permanencia en la misma y el continuo desarrollo profesional: 1) inherencia del
gusto por la música; 2) desvalorización y estereotipos hacia la carrera musical; 3)
amotivación y deserción académica; 4) resiliencia y recursos sociales-personales; 5) bienestar
en la carrera musical; 6) metas hacia la autorrealización musical. Estos factores permiten
establecer un modelo explicativo para entender el continuo de las experiencias de estudiantes
que abandonaron una carrera considerada como “tradicional”, con el objetivo de optar por
una carrera musical. Se explica entonces que el proceso de elegir estudios superiores en una
carrera musical, alineada a las preferencias de los participantes, genera una sensación de
autorrealización, con una conducta autodeterminada hacia el futuro desarrollo académico y
profesional.
In a context in which music is devalued as a professional career and motivation is a determining factor in the teaching-learning process and in university desertion, this research aims to identify and analyze the main motivations in career change directed towards the election of a musical profession, in students of musical careers of a private university of Lima, Peru. Through the theoretical approach of Self-determination and motivational concepts related to the academic field, a qualitative paradigm is used with a phenomenological design, taking as a main source of information a semi-structured interview, adapted based on a first pilot. Results show six factors that act transversally in the motivation for career change, the election of a musical profession, the permanence in it and the continuous professional development: 1) inherence of the taste for music; 2) devaluation and stereotypes towards the musical career; 3) amotivation and academic desertion; 4) resilience and social-personal resources; 5) well-being in the musical career; 6) goals towards musical self-realization. These factors allow to establish an explanatory model to understand the continuum of the experiences of students who abandoned a career considered "traditional", with the objective of opting for a musical career. It is explained then, that the process of choosing higher studies in a musical career aligned with the preferences of the participants, generates a sense of self-realization, with a self-determined behavior towards the future academic and professional development.
In a context in which music is devalued as a professional career and motivation is a determining factor in the teaching-learning process and in university desertion, this research aims to identify and analyze the main motivations in career change directed towards the election of a musical profession, in students of musical careers of a private university of Lima, Peru. Through the theoretical approach of Self-determination and motivational concepts related to the academic field, a qualitative paradigm is used with a phenomenological design, taking as a main source of information a semi-structured interview, adapted based on a first pilot. Results show six factors that act transversally in the motivation for career change, the election of a musical profession, the permanence in it and the continuous professional development: 1) inherence of the taste for music; 2) devaluation and stereotypes towards the musical career; 3) amotivation and academic desertion; 4) resilience and social-personal resources; 5) well-being in the musical career; 6) goals towards musical self-realization. These factors allow to establish an explanatory model to understand the continuum of the experiences of students who abandoned a career considered "traditional", with the objective of opting for a musical career. It is explained then, that the process of choosing higher studies in a musical career aligned with the preferences of the participants, generates a sense of self-realization, with a self-determined behavior towards the future academic and professional development.
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Keywords
Música--Orientación profesional--Perú--Lima, Vocación
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