Estrategias para legislar sobre el discurso de odio en el Perú
Date
2023-01-19
Authors
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente tesis busca establecer, por un lado, las bases teóricas en relación
al discurso de odio en el Perú y en el mundo - tanto en espacios de la vida pública
real como en la interacción vía on line - y, por otro lado, su incorporación en la
agenda pública y su adecuado tratamiento legislativo. El discurso de odio es una
figura atentatoria de las normas que protegen la equidad, la justicia y la dignidad,
por lo que resulta necesario su regulación en la legislación nacional. En
contextos como el actual, el discurso de odio es paticularmente perturbador de
la convivencia pacífica en las sociedades del siglo XXI, sociedades cada vez
más multiculturales y diversas, por ello la necesidad de abordar el problema, más
aún, cuando organismos internacionales han solicitado la implementación de
este tema en la agenda y legislación nacional.
En los últimos años, la sociedad peruana ha presenciado crisis políticas,
demandas por la igualdad de género, la pandemia del COVID-19, elecciones
generales muy politizadas, lo cual alienta preocupantes procesos de
precarización social, crisis económicas, desempleo, aumento de la violencia,
crisis migratorias, etc que constituyen precisamente los principales argumentos
del discurso de odio. Ello sumado a la experiencia humana en el espacio digital
que implica el incremento de humillación, denigración y violencia contra grupos,
colectivos y personas que se ven cada vez más expuestos al discurso de odio.
En un escenario así, resulta imperativo plantear las condiciones y fundamentos
para el tratamiento legislativo del discurso de odio en el Perú.
La investigación en esta perspectiva, plantea estrategias para incorporar el
discurso de odio en la agenda pública y política nacional. Se busca con ello un
fortalecimiento de medidas que protejan a las víctimas del discurso de odio,
entendiendo que se sopesará un adecuado equilibrio entre las normas que
protegen la equidad, la justicia, la dignidad y la libertad de expresión.
This thesis seeks to establish, on the one hand, the theoretical bases in relation to hate speech in Peru and in the world - both in real public life spaces and in online interaction - and, on the other hand, its incorporation in the public agenda and its adequate legislative treatment. Hate speech is a figure that violates the norms that protect equity, justice and dignity, so it is necessary to regulate it in national legislation. In contexts such as the current one, hate speech is particularly disruptive of peaceful coexistence in 21st century societies, societies that are increasingly multicultural and diverse, hence the need to address the problem, especially when international organizations have requested the implementation of this issue in the national agenda and legislation. In recent years, Peruvian society has witnessed political crises, demands for gender equality, the COVID-19 pandemic, highly politicized general elections, which encourages worrying processes of social precariousness, economic crises, unemployment, increased violence, migratory crises, which are precisely the main arguments of hate speech. This, added to the human experience in the digital space, implies an increase in humiliation, denigration and violence against groups, collectives and individuals who are increasingly exposed to hate speech. In such a scenario, it is imperative to raise the conditions and foundations for the legislative treatment of hate speech in Peru. In this perspective, the research proposes strategies to incorporate hate speech in the national public and political agenda. It seeks to strengthen measures to protect the victims of hate speech, with the understanding that an adequate balance between the norms that protect equity, justice, dignity and freedom of expression will be weighed. Keywords:
This thesis seeks to establish, on the one hand, the theoretical bases in relation to hate speech in Peru and in the world - both in real public life spaces and in online interaction - and, on the other hand, its incorporation in the public agenda and its adequate legislative treatment. Hate speech is a figure that violates the norms that protect equity, justice and dignity, so it is necessary to regulate it in national legislation. In contexts such as the current one, hate speech is particularly disruptive of peaceful coexistence in 21st century societies, societies that are increasingly multicultural and diverse, hence the need to address the problem, especially when international organizations have requested the implementation of this issue in the national agenda and legislation. In recent years, Peruvian society has witnessed political crises, demands for gender equality, the COVID-19 pandemic, highly politicized general elections, which encourages worrying processes of social precariousness, economic crises, unemployment, increased violence, migratory crises, which are precisely the main arguments of hate speech. This, added to the human experience in the digital space, implies an increase in humiliation, denigration and violence against groups, collectives and individuals who are increasingly exposed to hate speech. In such a scenario, it is imperative to raise the conditions and foundations for the legislative treatment of hate speech in Peru. In this perspective, the research proposes strategies to incorporate hate speech in the national public and political agenda. It seeks to strengthen measures to protect the victims of hate speech, with the understanding that an adequate balance between the norms that protect equity, justice, dignity and freedom of expression will be weighed. Keywords:
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Keywords
Discurso del odio--Legislación--Perú, Crímenes de odio, Derechos humanos--Perú