Diseño de estrategias para mitigar los factores que dificultan la implementación de la norma ISO 21001:2018 en colegios privados de Educación Básica Regular de Lima Metropolitana
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La investigación realizada tuvo como objetivo identificar las dificultades para la
implementación de la norma ISO 21001:2018 en colegios privados de Educación Básica
Regular en Lima Metropolitana y, a partir de ello, sugerir estrategias para superar estos
obstáculos. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo-descriptivo, recolectando información mediante
entrevistas con actores clave de cinco instituciones educativas que han adoptado un sistema
de gestión de calidad, de las cuales tres ya tenían la norma en operación.
Los resultados indican que las principales dificultades se deben a la resistencia al cambio por
parte del personal, la carga extra que conlleva la formalización de los procesos, el limitado
conocimiento en conceptos técnicos como la gestión basada en riesgos, así como la falta de
recursos económicos y tecnológicos. En este sentido, las estrategias fundamentales incluyen
la capacitación continua del personal, la creación de canales de comunicación efectivos para
transmitir los beneficios de la norma, la inversión en infraestructura tecnológica y la promoción
de un liderazgo transformacional que esté comprometido con la mejora continua.
Además, se constató que el liderazgo de la Alta Dirección es crucial para fomentar una cultura
organizacional orientada al cambio y para asegurar la sostenibilidad del sistema de gestión.
Se concluyó que la implementación de la norma requiere cambios significativos en la
sistematización, organización y percepción de la calidad por parte de los actores involucrados.
Por lo tanto, las estrategias propuestas deben ser abordadas de manera integral,
enfocándose en el desarrollo del capital humano, la optimización de los recursos y la
consolidación de un sistema de gestión alineado con los principios de la norma ISO
21001:2018, garantizando así su permanencia en el ámbito educativo.
The research was conducted with the objective of identifying the factors that hinder the implementation of the ISO 21001:2018 standard in private Basic Education schools in Lima Metropolitan Area and proposing strategies to mitigate such issues. The study followed a qualitative-descriptive approach, collecting information through interviews with key stakeholders from five educational institutions that have implemented a quality management system, including three that already adopted the standard. It was confirmed that the main barriers include resistance to change among staff, the burden posed by the formalization of processes, limited familiarity with technical concepts such as risk-based management, and constraints related to economic and technological resources. In this regard, the fundamental strategies identified were continuous staff training, the establishment of effective communication to facilitate understanding of the standard's benefits, investment in technological infrastructure, and the adoption of transformational leadership committed to continuous improvement. Moreover, it was confirmed that the leadership of top management played a key role in fostering an organizational culture oriented toward change and ensuring the sustainability of the management system. It was concluded that implementing the standard leads to impactful changes in systematization, organization, and the perception of quality by stakeholders. Consequently, it was confirmed that the designed strategies must be comprehensive, focused on developing human capital, optimizing resources, and consolidating a management system aligned with the principles of the ISO 21001:2018 standard, thus ensuring its sustainability in the educational field.
The research was conducted with the objective of identifying the factors that hinder the implementation of the ISO 21001:2018 standard in private Basic Education schools in Lima Metropolitan Area and proposing strategies to mitigate such issues. The study followed a qualitative-descriptive approach, collecting information through interviews with key stakeholders from five educational institutions that have implemented a quality management system, including three that already adopted the standard. It was confirmed that the main barriers include resistance to change among staff, the burden posed by the formalization of processes, limited familiarity with technical concepts such as risk-based management, and constraints related to economic and technological resources. In this regard, the fundamental strategies identified were continuous staff training, the establishment of effective communication to facilitate understanding of the standard's benefits, investment in technological infrastructure, and the adoption of transformational leadership committed to continuous improvement. Moreover, it was confirmed that the leadership of top management played a key role in fostering an organizational culture oriented toward change and ensuring the sustainability of the management system. It was concluded that implementing the standard leads to impactful changes in systematization, organization, and the perception of quality by stakeholders. Consequently, it was confirmed that the designed strategies must be comprehensive, focused on developing human capital, optimizing resources, and consolidating a management system aligned with the principles of the ISO 21001:2018 standard, thus ensuring its sustainability in the educational field.
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Administración de calidad total en la educación--Perú--Lima, Gestión educativa, Cambio educativo, Liderazgo (Educación)
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