Competencias del perfil de egreso de psicología a través de las prácticas pre profesionales dentro del área de ciudadanía de una ONG que acompaña a personas con discapacidad intelectual y su entorno
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El presente trabajo de suficiencia profesional tiene como finalidad describir la
necesidad de un grupo de familias de optimizar su rol como apoyos para favorecer la
autonomía en sus hijos con Síndrome de Down. A partir de un diagnóstico realizado
bajo un enfoque cualitativo-fenomenológico, y mediante la técnica de focus group, se
exploraron sus percepciones sobre el futuro de sus hijos, su compromiso con un
correcto rol parental y sus propias necesidades de bienestar. El análisis temático
evidenció temores vinculados a la sobreprotección y limitaciones para promover la
toma de decisiones en los jóvenes, así como la necesidad de espacios de orientación.
Con base en estos hallazgos, se diseñó e implementó una intervención compuesta por
talleres virtuales cuya finalidad fue brindar conocimientos sobre autonomía, cuestionar
prácticas sobreprotectoras y promover actitudes que reconozcan a los hijos como
adultos capaces. Las actividades incluyeron dinámicas participativas, reflexión de
experiencias y elaboración de estrategias aplicables en la vida cotidiana. La evaluación
final mostró que las madres lograron incorporar nuevos recursos para ejercer un rol de
apoyo más efectivo, al mejorar la comunicación con sus hijos y al adoptar prácticas
que favorecen su autodeterminación. Se concluye que fortalecer el rol de apoyo en las
familias es fundamental para acompañar el tránsito hacia una vida adulta autónoma en
personas con Síndrome de Down.
The purpose of this professional proficiency assessment is to describe the need of a group of families to optimize their role as supports to promote autonomy in their children with Down Syndrome. Based on a qualitative-phenomenological assessment and using focus groups, their perceptions about their children's future, their commitment to a proper parental role, and their own well-being needs were explored. Thematic analysis revealed fears related to overprotection and limitations in promoting decision-making in young people, as well as the need for guidance. Based on these findings, an intervention was designed and implemented consisting of virtual workshops aimed at providing knowledge about autonomy, challenging overprotective practices, and promoting attitudes that recognize children as capable adults. The activities included participatory dynamics, reflection on experiences, and the development of strategies applicable to daily life. The final evaluation showed that the mothers were able to incorporate new resources to play a more effective support role, improving communication with their children and adopting practices that promote their self-determination. It is concluded that strengthening the support role in families is essential to accompany the transition to adulthood with autonomy for people with Down Syndrome.
The purpose of this professional proficiency assessment is to describe the need of a group of families to optimize their role as supports to promote autonomy in their children with Down Syndrome. Based on a qualitative-phenomenological assessment and using focus groups, their perceptions about their children's future, their commitment to a proper parental role, and their own well-being needs were explored. Thematic analysis revealed fears related to overprotection and limitations in promoting decision-making in young people, as well as the need for guidance. Based on these findings, an intervention was designed and implemented consisting of virtual workshops aimed at providing knowledge about autonomy, challenging overprotective practices, and promoting attitudes that recognize children as capable adults. The activities included participatory dynamics, reflection on experiences, and the development of strategies applicable to daily life. The final evaluation showed that the mothers were able to incorporate new resources to play a more effective support role, improving communication with their children and adopting practices that promote their self-determination. It is concluded that strengthening the support role in families is essential to accompany the transition to adulthood with autonomy for people with Down Syndrome.
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Psicología--Formación profesional, Síndrome de Down--Investigaciones, Educación especial, Personas con discapacidad--Aspectos psicológicos
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