Narrativas de aculturación, enculturación y literacidad académica de universitarios migrantes internos en Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
Cada año, varios jóvenes migran a Lima con el fin de acceder a una educación superior de
calidad. En ese proceso enfrentan obstáculos y adquieren apoyos que les sirven en el complejo
proceso de transición a la universidad. La presente investigación ahonda en las relaciones entre
los procesos de aculturación, enculturación académica y las prácticas de literacidad académica
de los estudiantes. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con un diseño de enfoque narrativo que
reunió información sobre las experiencias de los participantes a partir de una ficha
sociodemográfica y una guía de entrevista semi-estructurada. El grupo estuvo compuesto por
cinco estudiantes universitarios peruanos que migraron a Lima Metropolitano para asistir a una
institución privada de educación superior. Tras recopilar y analizar la data, se halló que los
entrevistados tienen un alto nivel de resiliencia y capacidad de adaptación. También se encontró
que han formado una faceta identitaria para el entorno académico que también es utilizada en
otros contextos, dado que utilizan el registro lingüístico constituido en la universidad en otras
situaciones comunicativas. La adquisición de esta faceta es evidencia de su proceso de
enculturación académica y de su agencia. Se concluye que se necesita brindar más
orientaciones y recursos educativos para que sea más llevadera la transición a la universidad y
la migración a Lima de los alumnos migrantes.
Every year, many young people migrate to Lima with the objective of accessing a high-quality higher education institution. In that process, they face obstacles and they gain sources of support that help them during their transition to university. This investigation dives into the possible relations between the acculturation and academic enculturation processes and academic literacy practices of those students. The information was gathered using a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, and was then analyzed from a narrative perspective. The group was made up of five Peruvian students that migrated to Lima Metropolitana to attend a specific private university. After gathering and processing the data, it was found that the participants had a high level of resilience and adaptation. They apply their new language register in other communicative situations, therefore, they have formed a new identity facet for their academic environment that is also used in other contexts. This development of their identity is evidence of their academic enculturation process and their agency. It is concluded that the university needs to give more guidance and resources to ensure the transition to university and the migration to Lima is a manageable process for the students.
Every year, many young people migrate to Lima with the objective of accessing a high-quality higher education institution. In that process, they face obstacles and they gain sources of support that help them during their transition to university. This investigation dives into the possible relations between the acculturation and academic enculturation processes and academic literacy practices of those students. The information was gathered using a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, and was then analyzed from a narrative perspective. The group was made up of five Peruvian students that migrated to Lima Metropolitana to attend a specific private university. After gathering and processing the data, it was found that the participants had a high level of resilience and adaptation. They apply their new language register in other communicative situations, therefore, they have formed a new identity facet for their academic environment that is also used in other contexts. This development of their identity is evidence of their academic enculturation process and their agency. It is concluded that the university needs to give more guidance and resources to ensure the transition to university and the migration to Lima is a manageable process for the students.
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Migración interna--Perú, Aculturación, Etnología--Perú--Lima, Migración rural-urbana--Perú--Lima
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