Procesos de simplificación fonológica en niños de 3 a 5 años sin dificultades en el lenguaje que asisten a los PRONOEI de la UGEL 06 de Lima Metropolitana.
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Date
2013-12-06
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En el Perú existen investigaciones relacionadas con los Procesos de
Simplificación Fonológica (PSF) en niños del nivel inicial y primaria en
instituciones escolarizadas, sin embargo no se hallaron estudios sobre la
modalidad no escolarizada como son los PRONOEI. Por consiguiente, el objeto
de estudio fue determinar los niveles de desempeño en los Procesos de
Simplificación Fonológica (PSF) que caracteriza a los niños de 3 a 5 años sin
dificultades en el lenguaje que asisten a los PRONOEI de la UGEL 06 de Lima
Metropolitana. La muestra estuvo conformada por 300 niños y se empleó el Test
Teprosif-R Adaptado para determinar Procesos de Simplificación Fonológica. El
método de investigación que se utilizó fue descriptivo comparativo y el diseño
es no experimental. Los resultados indican que no existen diferencias significativas de manera
global entre los niños de la normativa limeña y los de PRONOEI, sin embargo a
los 3 y 4 años los niños pertenecientes a la normativa limeña realizan más PSF
que los niños que asisten a los PRONOEI. Así mismo, el proceso más usado por
los niños de 3, 4 y 5 años del PRONOEI son los de estructura. Por otro lado, a los
5 años los niños que asisten a los PRONOEI mantienen gran cantidad de procesos
sustitutorios ubicando a este grupo etario en riesgo.
Esto podría ser explicado por factores socioeconómicos y falta de
estrategias pedagógicas destinadas al trabajo de las áreas de la conciencia
fonológica.
Palabras Claves: PSF, Procesos de Simplificación, PRONOEI.
In Peru there are studies related to Simplification Phonological Processes (PSF) in children of preschool and primary level educated institutions, however no studies were found on non-school mode like PRONOEIs. Therefore, the object of study was to determine the performance levels in Simplification Phonological Processes (PSF) that characterizes children of 3-5 years without language difficulties whom are attending the UGELs PRONOEI 06 located in the metropolitan area in Lima, Peru. The sample consisted of 300 children and the Teprosif-R Test Adapted Simplification was utilized to determine the Phonological Processes. The research method used in this investigation is descriptive comparative and the design is not experimental. The results indicate that globally there are not significant differences among children in Lima and regulations of PRONOEI; however, at 3 and 4 years children from Lima regulations PSF perform more PSF than children attending PRONOEI. Likewise, the most widely used process for children 3, 4 and 5 years from PRONOEI are structure wise. On the other hand, at 5 years old the children attending PRONOEIs maintained many substitution processes; this age group is placed as a risk group. This could be well explained by socioeconomic factors and lack of teaching strategies designed to work in the areas of phonological awareness.
In Peru there are studies related to Simplification Phonological Processes (PSF) in children of preschool and primary level educated institutions, however no studies were found on non-school mode like PRONOEIs. Therefore, the object of study was to determine the performance levels in Simplification Phonological Processes (PSF) that characterizes children of 3-5 years without language difficulties whom are attending the UGELs PRONOEI 06 located in the metropolitan area in Lima, Peru. The sample consisted of 300 children and the Teprosif-R Test Adapted Simplification was utilized to determine the Phonological Processes. The research method used in this investigation is descriptive comparative and the design is not experimental. The results indicate that globally there are not significant differences among children in Lima and regulations of PRONOEI; however, at 3 and 4 years children from Lima regulations PSF perform more PSF than children attending PRONOEI. Likewise, the most widely used process for children 3, 4 and 5 years from PRONOEI are structure wise. On the other hand, at 5 years old the children attending PRONOEIs maintained many substitution processes; this age group is placed as a risk group. This could be well explained by socioeconomic factors and lack of teaching strategies designed to work in the areas of phonological awareness.
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Niños--Lenguaje, Educación preescolar--Perú, Fonología, Educación no formal
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