Relación de las dinámicas del contexto privativo de libertad y el desarrollo de la identidad de las adolescentes internas en el Centro Juvenil Santa Margarita
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La adolescencia representa una etapa en la que los cambios psicobiológicos y el contexto social
van a influir en el desarrollo de la identidad. Mientras que la mayoría de los adolescentes
pueden explorar y experimentar libremente quiénes son, los jóvenes privados de libertad viven
su adolescencia en una situación particular caracterizada por normas, rutinas, vigilancia y
castigos. Especialmente, teniendo en cuenta la peculiaridad del Centro Juvenil Santa Margarita
como único centro privativo de libertad en el Perú para mujeres adolescentes, el presente
estudio tiene como objetivo explorar la relación de las dinámicas del contexto privativo de
libertad y el desarrollo de la identidad de las adolescentes internas en el Centro Juvenil Santa
Margarita. Para ello, se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con diseño fenomenológico. A
partir del análisis temático de las entrevistas semiestructuradas a las adolescentes, en función
al desarrollo de su identidad individual se identificó una búsqueda de aceptación mediante el
cumplimiento de los roles y estereotipos de género impuestos, sus percepciones sobre la
heteronormatividad, la importancia que adscriben a la presencia de visita, la búsqueda de un
espacio de religiosidad y la despersonalización producto de las reglas y rutinas. Al respecto,
conviene subrayar el rol determinante de las educadoras en la reconstrucción de su identidad.
En función a la identidad social, las adolescentes valoran el compañerismo y forman grupos
con aquellas jóvenes que comparten este rasgo de su identidad siguiendo los procesos
sociocognitivos de la Teoría de la Identidad Social.
Adolescence represents a stage in which psychobiological changes and the social context will influence the development of identity. While most adolescents can freely explore and experience who they are, incarcerated youth live their adolescence in a particular situation characterized by rules, routines, surveillance and punishments. Especially, taking into account the peculiarity of the Santa Margarita Youth Center as the only deprivation of liberty center in Peru for adolescent women, the present study aims to explore the relationship between the dynamics of the deprivation of liberty context and the development of the identity of the teenagers at the Santa Margarita Youth Center. For this, a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological design was used. Based on the thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews with the adolescents, with respect to the development of their individual identity, a search for acceptance was identified through compliance with imposed gender roles and stereotypes, their perceptions of heteronormativity, the importance they ascribe to the presence of visitors, the search for a space of religiosity and the depersonalization resulting from rules and routines. In this regard, it is worth highlighting the determining role of educators in the reconstruction of their identity. Based on social identity, adolescents value companionship and form groups with those peers who share this trait of their identity following the sociocognitive processes of Social Identity Theory.
Adolescence represents a stage in which psychobiological changes and the social context will influence the development of identity. While most adolescents can freely explore and experience who they are, incarcerated youth live their adolescence in a particular situation characterized by rules, routines, surveillance and punishments. Especially, taking into account the peculiarity of the Santa Margarita Youth Center as the only deprivation of liberty center in Peru for adolescent women, the present study aims to explore the relationship between the dynamics of the deprivation of liberty context and the development of the identity of the teenagers at the Santa Margarita Youth Center. For this, a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological design was used. Based on the thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews with the adolescents, with respect to the development of their individual identity, a search for acceptance was identified through compliance with imposed gender roles and stereotypes, their perceptions of heteronormativity, the importance they ascribe to the presence of visitors, the search for a space of religiosity and the depersonalization resulting from rules and routines. In this regard, it is worth highlighting the determining role of educators in the reconstruction of their identity. Based on social identity, adolescents value companionship and form groups with those peers who share this trait of their identity following the sociocognitive processes of Social Identity Theory.
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Reformatorios para mujeres--Perú--San Miguel (Lima : Distrito), Mujeres delincuentes juveniles--Psicología--Perú--San Miguel (Lima : Distrito), Mujeres delincuentes juveniles--Identidad--Perú--San Miguel (Lima : Distrito)
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