Análisis de la gestión del programa vaso de leche del distrito de Santiago de Surco, provincia de Lima desde la perspectiva de gerencia social, en el período comprendido entre 2015-2016
Date
2018-05-02
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal
analizar la gestión del Programa Vaso de Leche en el
distrito de Santiago de Surco, con miras a determinar su
eficacia, los alcances obtenidos; así como proponer mejoras
para renovar el Programa y sensibilizar a sus actores.
El Vaso de Leche es un programa nacional asistencial
dirigido a mejorar la calidad de vida de la población con más
alto riesgo nutricional, grupos empobrecidos asentados en
las áreas rurales y urbano-marginales. Este Programa está
a cargo de los gobiernos locales, en relación a su
organización, administración de recursos y ejecución.
El desarrollo de la investigación busca respuestas a varias
interrogantes en relación al análisis de la gestión del
servicio para obtener alcances sobre la percepción de la
calidad del producto y el servicio recibido por los
beneficiarios; la identificación de los actores clave y de
cumplimiento de sus roles; la verificación de los
mecanismos empleados para la selección de los
beneficiarios; así como el análisis de los factores que
facilitan o limitan la gestión administrativa, operativa y
financiera del programa.
Siguiendo estos objetivos, la forma de investigación
aplicada es el estudio de caso, que logra esclarecer la
gestión del Programa a través de sus principales actores del
gobierno central, local y sociedad civil. Estos resultados
permitirán obtener propuestas que contribuyan a fortalecer
el Programa de la gestión municipal.
Esta tesis se ha desarrollado de acuerdo a las pautas de la
estrategia metodológica mixta, es decir, de tipo cualitativa y
cuantitativa. En el extremo cualitativo, la principal fuente de
información primaria son las entrevistas en profundidad a
los principales actores y los conocimientos adquiridos por
observación directa en los diferentes momentos del proceso
de investigación. De otro lado, se aplicó la estrategia
cuantitativa, mediante la realización de encuestas para
determinar el perfil del beneficiario surcano, entre otros
aspectos.
Los principales hallazgos son los siguientes: a) un
porcentaje representativo de beneficiarios se encuentra
dentro de la línea de pobreza, b) existe escasa capacitación
a las madres preparadoras respecto a la calidad de servicio
y pasividad del beneficiario frente al Programa, c) la
Municipalidad se muestra como el eje articulador del
Programa, d) el registro y depuración de beneficiarios es
irregular y está politizado. Además, se detectó la escasez
de recursos humanos y presupuestales, la ausencia de un
flujograma, la escasa vocación de servicio de los
trabajadores; así como el incumplimiento de las actividades
programadas. Todo ello permite concluir que el Programa
se distancia de un desarrollo de gestión eficaz.
Finalmente, la presente tesis sugiere el fortalecimiento de
las capacidades en los diferentes roles desde una
perspectiva de Gerencia Social, proponiendo estrategias
que permitan alcanzar un desarrollo eficaz y sostenible del
Programa.
The main objective of the present research is to analyze the management of the Vaso de Leche Program in Santiago de Surco district, with the purpose to determine its effectiveness and the results obtained; as well as proposing improvements to renovate it with a sensitization of its actors. The Vaso de Leche was created as a priority poverty - alleviation program to improve the life quality of some population with a high malnutrition risk, a poor sector that settled in rural areas and others who were marginalized on the outskirts of the urban center. The local governments through Peru are in charge of this program, in relation to its organization, resource management and execution. This research looks for responses to several questions about this program, regarding the analysis the service management about the perceptions of the product quality that is gave to the beneficiaries, the description and duties of every actor that is involved in this program. Likewise, examine the mechanisms that are used by the local government in the beneficiaries’ selection process and the analysis of the factors about the institutional – operational management, including its strength and weakness. In this context, the research method applied is the Case Study that helped to understand the program management involving the main actors such as the central and local government including the women organization. These results allow obtaining recommendations that would contribute to enforce the Program of the local management. This thesis has been developed by the guidelines of the mixed methodological strategy, which means both qualitative and quantitative. On the qualitative extreme, the main source of information was the in-depth interviews with the main actors and the knowledge acquired by direct observation at the different moments of the research process. On the other hand, the quantitative strategy was applied, by conducting 361 surveys during the beneficiaries’ census to determine the district beneficiary profile, among other aspects. The main findings infer that a representative percentage of beneficiaries is within the poverty line, there is partial training on women regarding quality of service, the Santiago de Surco Municipality is shown as the main articulation actor of the Program, registration and elimination of the beneficiaries is irregular and politicized. In addition, the shortage of human and budgetary resources, the absence of a flow chart, the non-relevant vocation, as well as the nonfulfilled of the programmed activities, allow this research to conclude that the Vaso de Leche program distances itself from an effective management. Finally, this thesis recommends the strengthening of the capacities in the different actor’s roles from a social management perspective, proposing strategies that allow reaching an effective and sustainable development of this Program.
The main objective of the present research is to analyze the management of the Vaso de Leche Program in Santiago de Surco district, with the purpose to determine its effectiveness and the results obtained; as well as proposing improvements to renovate it with a sensitization of its actors. The Vaso de Leche was created as a priority poverty - alleviation program to improve the life quality of some population with a high malnutrition risk, a poor sector that settled in rural areas and others who were marginalized on the outskirts of the urban center. The local governments through Peru are in charge of this program, in relation to its organization, resource management and execution. This research looks for responses to several questions about this program, regarding the analysis the service management about the perceptions of the product quality that is gave to the beneficiaries, the description and duties of every actor that is involved in this program. Likewise, examine the mechanisms that are used by the local government in the beneficiaries’ selection process and the analysis of the factors about the institutional – operational management, including its strength and weakness. In this context, the research method applied is the Case Study that helped to understand the program management involving the main actors such as the central and local government including the women organization. These results allow obtaining recommendations that would contribute to enforce the Program of the local management. This thesis has been developed by the guidelines of the mixed methodological strategy, which means both qualitative and quantitative. On the qualitative extreme, the main source of information was the in-depth interviews with the main actors and the knowledge acquired by direct observation at the different moments of the research process. On the other hand, the quantitative strategy was applied, by conducting 361 surveys during the beneficiaries’ census to determine the district beneficiary profile, among other aspects. The main findings infer that a representative percentage of beneficiaries is within the poverty line, there is partial training on women regarding quality of service, the Santiago de Surco Municipality is shown as the main articulation actor of the Program, registration and elimination of the beneficiaries is irregular and politicized. In addition, the shortage of human and budgetary resources, the absence of a flow chart, the non-relevant vocation, as well as the nonfulfilled of the programmed activities, allow this research to conclude that the Vaso de Leche program distances itself from an effective management. Finally, this thesis recommends the strengthening of the capacities in the different actor’s roles from a social management perspective, proposing strategies that allow reaching an effective and sustainable development of this Program.
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Programas sociales--Perú--Lima--Santiago de Surco, Programa del Vaso de Leche (Lima, Perú)--Gestión
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