Desarrollo comunitario y sentido de comunidad en Huancasancos en el contexto post Conflicto Armado Interno
Date
2024-10-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
A lo largo de su historia, Huancasancos ha sido identificada como un lugar que iba
desarrollándose a partir del esfuerzo de sus pobladores, logrando tener una infraestructura básica y
accesibilidad a su localidad. En la época del Conflicto Armado Interno (CAI) las incursiones eran
frecuentes por lo que muchos de sus habitantes migraron a las grandes ciudades; esta etapa implicó
una pérdida de autoridades, saberes adquiridos y bienes. A partir de esta investigación se puede
definir lo que implica desarrollo para la comunidad, como han logrado perdurar a lo largo de los
años, cuáles son las prácticas locales que se mantienen y cómo actualmente sus pobladores siguen
apoyando el desarrollo local, en donde no sólo la perspectiva económica sino también la psicosocial
enfocada en sus capacidades y recursos para la sobrevivencia.
Se parte de los conceptos de desarrollo comunitario y sentido de comunidad y se realiza una
investigación cualitativa de tipo descriptivo, en la que se entrevistaron a 6 pobladores de
Huancasancos que no migraron en ningún momento de su comunidad.
Uno de los aportes de esta tesis es que se corrobora como en muchas comunidades
altoandinas uno de las principales dificultades del período de reconstrucción post CAI son las
secuelas psicosociales entre las que se encuentran la desconfianza, el miedo y la desestructuración
de las redes de apoyo social. Esto ha llevado a que la población tenga una lenta recuperación en los
cuales la población mayoritariamente ha permanecido dentro de los umbrales de pobreza y pobreza
extrema.
Sin embargo, los entrevistadores valoran las prácticas locales que aún se mantienen en la
comunidad, tal es el caso de las concepciones de ayllu, minka y el ayni que dan cuenta de los valores
de unión, solidaridad y la lucha por salir adelante juntos siendo los factores comunitarios los que
permiten seguir avanzando. Además, un factor en común de los entrevistados, ha sido hablar de
autogestión, en este sentido, el activar los recursos materiales, los saberes locales y el buscar aliados
estratégicos ha sido fundamental para salir adelante post CAI.
Throughout its history, Huacasanccos has been identified as a place that was developing through the efforts of its inhabitants, managing to have a basic infrastructure and accessibility to its locality. At the time of the Internal Armed Conflict (CAI), incursions were frequent and many of its inhabitants migrated to the big cities; this phase entailed a loss of authority, acquired knowledge and property. Based on this research, it is possible to define what development implies for the community, how they have managed to endure over the years, what ancestral practices are maintained and how today its inhabitants continue to support local development, where not only the economic but also the psychosocial perspective focused on their capacities and resources for survival. To this end, we start from the concepts of community development and feeling of community and carry out a qualitative descriptive research, in which we interviewed 6 people. One of the main contributions of this thesis is that it corroborates that in many communities in the High Andean region one of the main difficulties of the post-CAI reconstruction period is the psychosocial aftermath, among which are mistrust, fear and the disruption of social support networks. This has led to a slow recovery of the population in which the majority of the population has remained within the poverty and extreme poverty lines. However, the interviewers value the ancestral practices that still exist in the community, such as the concepts of ayllu, minke and ayni that reflect the values of solidarity and the struggle to move forward together. In addition, a common factor among the interviewees has been to speak of self-management, in this sense activating material resources, local knowledge and seeking strategic allies has been fundamental to move forward after CAI.
Throughout its history, Huacasanccos has been identified as a place that was developing through the efforts of its inhabitants, managing to have a basic infrastructure and accessibility to its locality. At the time of the Internal Armed Conflict (CAI), incursions were frequent and many of its inhabitants migrated to the big cities; this phase entailed a loss of authority, acquired knowledge and property. Based on this research, it is possible to define what development implies for the community, how they have managed to endure over the years, what ancestral practices are maintained and how today its inhabitants continue to support local development, where not only the economic but also the psychosocial perspective focused on their capacities and resources for survival. To this end, we start from the concepts of community development and feeling of community and carry out a qualitative descriptive research, in which we interviewed 6 people. One of the main contributions of this thesis is that it corroborates that in many communities in the High Andean region one of the main difficulties of the post-CAI reconstruction period is the psychosocial aftermath, among which are mistrust, fear and the disruption of social support networks. This has led to a slow recovery of the population in which the majority of the population has remained within the poverty and extreme poverty lines. However, the interviewers value the ancestral practices that still exist in the community, such as the concepts of ayllu, minke and ayni that reflect the values of solidarity and the struggle to move forward together. In addition, a common factor among the interviewees has been to speak of self-management, in this sense activating material resources, local knowledge and seeking strategic allies has been fundamental to move forward after CAI.
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Keywords
Conflicto armado--Perú--Huancasancos (Ayacucho : Provincia), Desarrollo de la comunidad, Psicología comunitaria
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