Formación universitaria de los estudiantes de Ingeniería y relación con la demanda profesional de la Región La Libertad. El caso de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la UNT
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Date
2020-02-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación analiza la orientación de la formación universitaria y su
relación con el desarrollo regional, a través de la oferta universitaria y la demanda
profesional regional, a partir de un estudio de caso que se llevó a cabo en la
Facultad de Ingeniería de la UNT.
Se trata de una investigación exploratoria y descriptiva cuyo objetivo principal fue
conocer de qué manera los enfoques de educación y desarrollo que subyacen a
la formación profesional de los estudiantes de ingeniería de la UNT, inciden en su
proceso formativo y en la relación que establece la universidad con las prioridades
del desarrollo regional, a través de la oferta universitaria y la demanda profesional
regional; a fin de proponer lineamientos para una mejor articulación entre la
formación universitaria y los procesos de desarrollo regional.
Las variables que se consideraron para el desarrollo de la investigación fueron: 1)
lineamientos institucionales; 2) rol de los actores; 3) competencias (conocimientos,
habilidades y actitudes); 4) oferta de la formación universitaria y, 5) demanda
profesional regional.
Las técnicas y los instrumentos de recolección de información fueron aplicados a
estudiantes de ingeniería, profesores y autoridades de la facultad de ingeniería,
Decano del Colegio de Ingenieros de La Libertad, representante del Consejo de
Profesionales de la Región La Libertad y Director de la Gerencia Regional de
Cooperación Técnica y Promoción de la Inversión Privada del Gobierno Regional
La Libertad.
La investigación realizada - desde la perspectiva de la gerencia social- demostró
que el enfoque educativo que orienta la formación en la Facultad de Ingeniería de
la UNT es de tipo tradicional-academicista. La formación que reciben los
estudiantes favorece el desarrollo de competencias técnicas específicas para el
desempeño técnico-profesional, y no habilidades y actitudes que les permita
aportar de manera más integral al mundo productivo con perspectiva al desarrollo
regional. La perspectiva de la gerencia social aporta a la investigación, una mirada más
centrada en el desarrollo del estudiante como persona, capaz de desarrollar
competencias y valores con perspectiva a su desarrollo profesional y humano, y
responsable del bienestar de su comunidad local/regional. Al mismo tiempo, valora
la universidad como la institución que forma profesionales comprometidos con su
realidad y, por lo tanto, debe contribuir de manera significativa al desarrollo
local/regional/nacional.
The actual research analyzes the orientation of university education and its relationship with regional development through university supply and regional professional demand, based on a case study developed at UNT Engineering Faculty. An exploratory and descriptive research, whose main objective was to know how the educational and development approaches, that underlie professional training of UNT engineering students, impact on their training process and the relationship with the priorities of the regional development established by the university, through the university supply and the regional professional demand; in order to propose guidelines for a better articulation between university level education and regional development processes. The following variables were considered in this research: 1) Institutional guidelines; 2) role of the actors; 3) competences (knowledge, abilities and attitudes); 4) supply of university level education and 5) regional professional demand. Techniques and instruments to collect information were applied to engineering students, professors and authorities of the faculty of engineering, Dean of the College of Engineers of La Libertad, representative of the Council of Professionals in La Libertad Region and the Regional Management Director of Technical Cooperation and Promotion of Private Investment for Regional Government of La Libertad. This research developed, from the perspective of social management, showed educational approach of the UNT Engineering Faculty is traditional and academic. The training received by students favors the development of specific technical skills for technical-professional performance, and not skills and attitudes that allow them to contribute in a more integrated way, to the productive world to regional development. Perspective of social management gives the research a view focused on the development of the student as a person, capable of developing competencies and values intheir own professional and human development, and responsible for the well-being of their local / regional community. At the same time, it values the university as the institution that trains professionals engaged with its reality and, therefore, with a more significant contribution to local / regional / national development.
The actual research analyzes the orientation of university education and its relationship with regional development through university supply and regional professional demand, based on a case study developed at UNT Engineering Faculty. An exploratory and descriptive research, whose main objective was to know how the educational and development approaches, that underlie professional training of UNT engineering students, impact on their training process and the relationship with the priorities of the regional development established by the university, through the university supply and the regional professional demand; in order to propose guidelines for a better articulation between university level education and regional development processes. The following variables were considered in this research: 1) Institutional guidelines; 2) role of the actors; 3) competences (knowledge, abilities and attitudes); 4) supply of university level education and 5) regional professional demand. Techniques and instruments to collect information were applied to engineering students, professors and authorities of the faculty of engineering, Dean of the College of Engineers of La Libertad, representative of the Council of Professionals in La Libertad Region and the Regional Management Director of Technical Cooperation and Promotion of Private Investment for Regional Government of La Libertad. This research developed, from the perspective of social management, showed educational approach of the UNT Engineering Faculty is traditional and academic. The training received by students favors the development of specific technical skills for technical-professional performance, and not skills and attitudes that allow them to contribute in a more integrated way, to the productive world to regional development. Perspective of social management gives the research a view focused on the development of the student as a person, capable of developing competencies and values intheir own professional and human development, and responsible for the well-being of their local / regional community. At the same time, it values the university as the institution that trains professionals engaged with its reality and, therefore, with a more significant contribution to local / regional / national development.
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Universidades y desarrollo--Perú, Educación superior--Aspectos sociales--Perú, Ingeniería--Estudio y enseñanza--Perú
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