Estresores relacionados con el cáncer, sentido de coherencia y estrés parental en madres de niños con leucemia que provienen del interior del país.
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2014-03-26
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
La presente investigación pretende valorar la relación entre los estresores relacionados
con el cáncer (ERE)y el estrés parental (EP), así como describir el papel que desempeña
el sentido de coherencia (SOC) en dicha relación, en madres de niños con entre seis y
once años de edad con diagnóstico de leucemia, de NSE bajo, que viajan desde el interior
del país para que sus hijos reciban atención ambulatoria en el módulo de pediatría del
INEN.Ochenta madres respondieron a los cuestionarios: Estresores Relacionados con la
Enfermedad(ERE), diseñado para fines de la presente investigación;Orientación hacia la
Vida (SOC-13; Antonovsky, 1979) e Índice de Estrés Parental/ Forma breve (PSI/SF;
Abidin, 1995).Se identificó elevada frecuencia e intensidad de los ERE, principalmente
ERE Incertidumbre, así como malestar en el rol parental entre las participantes.Además,
se hallaron diferencias significativas según la ocupación (ERE Comunicación) y
asociaciones positivas entre el tiempo de permanencia en Lima y la percepción de
dificultades en la relación madre-hijo.Finalmente, los análisis de regresión jerárquica
mostraron que ERE Cuidados de Salud y SOC explican altos y bajos niveles de estrés
parental, cumpliendo elSOC un papel protectorpara todas las áreas de EP,en especial
para la relación madre-hijo.Se recomienda un modelo de apoyo psicosocial para las
madres de los pacientes con recursos económicos limitados que provienen de provincias,
con el objetivo de fortalecer el SOC, desarrollar estrategias de afrontamiento y mantener
prácticas de crianza positiva.
Palabras clave: Estresores relacionados con el cáncer, sentido de coherencia, estrés
parental, Madres de niños con cáncer, largas distancias.
The aim of this study is to assesthe relationship among cancer related stressors (ERE) and parental stress (EP), and to define the rol of the , sense of coherence (SOC) in this relation in mothers of children with leukemia between the ages of six and eleven, from low SES, and that have come from all over the country for their children to be treated at the INEN’s pediatric center. Eighty mothers answered to three questionnaires: Disease Related Stressors (Uncertainty, Healthcare and Communication), developed specifically for the current research; Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC-13; Antonovsky, 1979); and Parental Stress Index/ Short form (PSI/SF; Abidin, 1995), which measures. Both high frequency and intensity of ERE were found, mainly ERE Uncertainty, as well as high EP scores.On the other hand, statistically significant differences were found by job occupation (ERE Communication) and positive correlation betweentime spent in Limaan mother-child relations problems, together with a negative correlation between ERE Uncertainty and distance from the place of residence. Finally, hierarchical regression analysis show that ERE Healthcare and SOC explain high and low levels, respectively, of EP; meeting SOC an protective role for EP, specially parent-child relationship. It is recommended a model of psychosocial support for mothers of patients with constrained economical resources that came from inside the country, with the aim of reinforcing SOC, developing coping skills and practice positive parenting strategies.
The aim of this study is to assesthe relationship among cancer related stressors (ERE) and parental stress (EP), and to define the rol of the , sense of coherence (SOC) in this relation in mothers of children with leukemia between the ages of six and eleven, from low SES, and that have come from all over the country for their children to be treated at the INEN’s pediatric center. Eighty mothers answered to three questionnaires: Disease Related Stressors (Uncertainty, Healthcare and Communication), developed specifically for the current research; Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC-13; Antonovsky, 1979); and Parental Stress Index/ Short form (PSI/SF; Abidin, 1995), which measures. Both high frequency and intensity of ERE were found, mainly ERE Uncertainty, as well as high EP scores.On the other hand, statistically significant differences were found by job occupation (ERE Communication) and positive correlation betweentime spent in Limaan mother-child relations problems, together with a negative correlation between ERE Uncertainty and distance from the place of residence. Finally, hierarchical regression analysis show that ERE Healthcare and SOC explain high and low levels, respectively, of EP; meeting SOC an protective role for EP, specially parent-child relationship. It is recommended a model of psychosocial support for mothers of patients with constrained economical resources that came from inside the country, with the aim of reinforcing SOC, developing coping skills and practice positive parenting strategies.
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Stress (Psicología), Adaptación (Psicología), Madres e hijos, Cáncer--Niños.
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