Performance of muon absorption and scattering methods for material discrimination in a portable scintillator-based tomographer using CORSIKA and GEANT4 simulations
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
En los últimos años, la tomografía de muones se ha desarrollado como una poderosa e innovadora técnica no invasiva para obtener imágenes de estructuras grandes o pequeñas con aplicaciones en diferentes áreas como geología, arqueología, seguridad y otras. En esta tesis, se presenta el diseño y simulación de un detector transportable y fácil de construir, basado en plásticos centelladores y fotomultiplicadores de silicio de tecnología actual. El sistema emplea una aproximación modular, donde la unidad de detection fundamental es una red 8 x 8 de plásticos centelladores, creando un solo plano de detección con un área activa de 48.4 48.4 cm2. Dos de estos planos forman un sub-detector, habilitando la reconstrucción de la trayectoria de los muones. Para una capacidad completa de la tomografía, el sistema completo usa dos de esos sub-detectores, posicionados en lados opuestos al objeto bajo investigación, para medir el ángulo de dispersión para diferenciar materiales. El flujo de rayos cósmicos que llega a la atmósfera terrestre, fue simulado con CORSIKA y se usó como datos de entrada para los materiales que fueron simulados usando GEANT4, donde el flujo de muones generado previamente fue transportado. Se usaron dos métodos de la tomografía de muones para diferenciar objetos hechos de diferentes materiales: absorción y dispersión. Las diferencias estadísticas para objetos de diversos tamaños y materiales son cuantificadas usando el número de desviaciones estándar. Usando un límite de 3 σ en el primer método concluimos que los materiales hechos de plomo pueden ser diferenciados de otros materiales. El tiempo de observación necesario para diferenciar un objeto hecho de plomo de uno de aluminio fue 1.3 0.2 días y 9.4 3.7 días usando el primer y segundo método, respectivamente.
In recent years, muon tomography has appeared as a powerful and innovative technique for non-invasive imaging of both large and small structures, with applications in different fields such as geology, archaeology and security. This study presents the design and simulation of a portable, easy-to-construct detector based on plastic scintillators and silicon photomultipliers using current technology. The system employs a modular approach, where the fundamental detection unit is an 8 8 array of plastic scintillator sensors, creating a single detection plane with an active area of 48.4 48.4 cm2. Two such planes are combined to form a sub-detector, enabling the reconstruction of muon trajectories. For full tomographic capability, the complete system uses two of these sub-detectors, positioned on opposite sides of the object under investigation, to measure the scattering angle of muons for material differentiation. The cosmic ray flux reaching Earth’s atmosphere was input to CORSIKA to simulate atmospheric muons and other secondary particles at ground level. The geometry and materials of the detector and target object were simulated using GEANT4, which transports the previously generated muon flux. Two muon tomography methods, based on data on muon absorption or scattering, were employed to distinguish objects composed of different materials. Statistical differences were quantified for various object sizes and materials. Using a 3 σ threshold in the first method, it was determined that objects made of lead can be distinguished from those made of other materials. The observation times required to differentiate an object made of lead from one made of aluminum were 1.3 0.2 days and 9.4 3.7 days for the first and second methods, respectively.
In recent years, muon tomography has appeared as a powerful and innovative technique for non-invasive imaging of both large and small structures, with applications in different fields such as geology, archaeology and security. This study presents the design and simulation of a portable, easy-to-construct detector based on plastic scintillators and silicon photomultipliers using current technology. The system employs a modular approach, where the fundamental detection unit is an 8 8 array of plastic scintillator sensors, creating a single detection plane with an active area of 48.4 48.4 cm2. Two such planes are combined to form a sub-detector, enabling the reconstruction of muon trajectories. For full tomographic capability, the complete system uses two of these sub-detectors, positioned on opposite sides of the object under investigation, to measure the scattering angle of muons for material differentiation. The cosmic ray flux reaching Earth’s atmosphere was input to CORSIKA to simulate atmospheric muons and other secondary particles at ground level. The geometry and materials of the detector and target object were simulated using GEANT4, which transports the previously generated muon flux. Two muon tomography methods, based on data on muon absorption or scattering, were employed to distinguish objects composed of different materials. Statistical differences were quantified for various object sizes and materials. Using a 3 σ threshold in the first method, it was determined that objects made of lead can be distinguished from those made of other materials. The observation times required to differentiate an object made of lead from one made of aluminum were 1.3 0.2 days and 9.4 3.7 days for the first and second methods, respectively.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Muones, Tomografía, Procesamiento de imágenes--Técnicas digitales, Detectores--Diseño y construcción
Citación
Colecciones
item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
Licencia Creative Commons
Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
