Análisis de problemas de matemática creados por niños de 3er grado de primaria en una Institución Educativa Particular ubicada en el distrito de Jesús María
Date
2019-05-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de describir las habilidades creativas
evidenciadas en problemas de matemática de adición, sustracción y multiplicación
creados por estudiantes de 3er grado de primaria en una Institución Educativa
Particular ubicada en el distrito de Jesús María. Se analizaron los problemas creados
en el marco de tres tipos de situaciones: situación estructurada, situación
semiestructurada y situación libre.
Para ello, primero se identificaron los elementos fundamentales de los
problemas de matemática. Así, se examinó si los problemas contaban con información,
contexto, requerimiento y entorno matemático. En segundo lugar, se examinaron las
habilidades creativas a partir de los elementos que componen los problemas de
matemática. Se analizaron la flexibilidad, fluidez, originalidad y claridad.
Como resultado del análisis se concluye que los problemas de los estudiantes
cuentan con información, contexto, requerimiento y entorno matemático. Se encuentra
que se cumplen algunos ítem de la habilidad creativa de la flexibilidad y la claridad al
crear los problemas. Se han encontrado también algunos problemas originales dentro
de la muestra, específicamente en los problemas elaborados a partir de una situación
libre.
The present research paper aims to describe the creative abilities in mathematics problems of addition, subtraction and multiplication in students of 3rd grade of primary school in a Particular Educational Institution in the district of Jesús María. The problems were analyzed within the framework of three types of situations: structured situation, semi-structured situation and free situation. To do this, first the fundamental elements of mathematical problems were identified: information, context, requirement and mathematical environment. After that, creative skills were examined from the elements that make up the problems of mathematics: flexibility, fluency, originality and clarity. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that the problems included information, context, requirement and mathematical environment. Furthermore, the problems showed items of flexibility and clarity in the creation of problems. Original problems have been found, specifically in the problems that were elaborated from a free situation.
The present research paper aims to describe the creative abilities in mathematics problems of addition, subtraction and multiplication in students of 3rd grade of primary school in a Particular Educational Institution in the district of Jesús María. The problems were analyzed within the framework of three types of situations: structured situation, semi-structured situation and free situation. To do this, first the fundamental elements of mathematical problems were identified: information, context, requirement and mathematical environment. After that, creative skills were examined from the elements that make up the problems of mathematics: flexibility, fluency, originality and clarity. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that the problems included information, context, requirement and mathematical environment. Furthermore, the problems showed items of flexibility and clarity in the creation of problems. Original problems have been found, specifically in the problems that were elaborated from a free situation.
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Keywords
Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza, Educación primaria--Perú--Jesús María (Lima : Distrito), Escuelas privadas--Perú--Jesús María (Lima : Distrito), Resolución de problemas--Estudio y enseñanza
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