Buenas prácticas de valorización en el proceso de adquisición de empresas peruanas que cotizan en la BVL
Date
2018-09-28
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como propósito dar a conocer las Buenas Prácticas
financieras de valorización de cuatro empresas que cotizan en la Bolsa de valores de Lima.
En este trabajo se presenta los resultados de un estudio descriptivo, cuyo objetivo fue
identificar las prácticas de valoración utilizadas por empresas que realizaron adquisiciones en
el periodo 2014 – 2017, para este fin se seleccionaron cuatro empresas líderes del sector
industrial, teniendo como referencia el ranking Merco, monitor corporativo de referencia en
Latinoamérica y España; y que cotizan en la Bolsa de Valores de Lima.
El alcance de esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las buenas prácticas
de valorización en el marco de la adquisición de empresas, enfocado en dos frentes: la
metodología de valorización más usada, y los factores de éxito que son tenidos en cuenta para
reconocer el buen desempeño de una valorización post-adquisición, de igual forma, los
hallazgos del presente trabajo dan luz del rol determinante que tiene la valorización de
empresas en la evaluación de viabilidad de la adquisición de una empresa; para este fin se
realizaron entrevistas a gerentes financieros y analistas financieros senior que han participado
en algún proceso de adquisición en el rango temporal de esta investigación. Las entrevistas
fueron transcritas en el formato de guía de entrevista para que posteriormente sean
codificadas y normalizadas según la metodología definida para el análisis e interpretación de
los resultados.
Los resultados de la investigación mostraron que la metodología de valorización más
utilizada es la de Flujos de Efectivo Descontados o Discounted Cash Flow, asimismo, se
encontró que se usa más de una metodología de valorización para aproximar el valor de una
empresa, también se identificó a los siguientes factores de éxito para evaluar el desempeño de
una valorización post-adquisición: (a) variación de los flujos proyectados versus los flujos
reales, (b) rendimiento de la inversión, (c) incremento del valor de las empresas (adquirida y adquiriente), d) incremento de utilidades y dividendos. Adicionalmente se encontró que la
valorización de las sinergias es el principal factor determinante para realizar la compra de una
empresa.
Palabras claves: Valorización, Buenas Prácticas, Adquisiciones, BVL
The purpose of this research is to publicize the Best Financial Practices for the valuation of four companies listed on the Lima stock exchange. This paper presents the results of a descriptive study, whose objective was to identify the valuation practices used by Peruvian companies that made acquisitions in the period 2014 - 2017, for this purpose four leading companies of the industrial sector were selected, taking as reference the Merco ranking, benchmark corporate monitor in Latin America and Spain; and that are listed on the Lima Stock Exchange. The scope of this research is aimed at identifying good valuation practices in the framework of the acquisition of companies, focused on two fronts: Most used valuation methodology, and the success factors that are taken into account to recognize the good performance of a post-acquisition valorization, in the same way, the findings of this work give light of the determining role that the valorization of companies has in the Feasibility assessment of the acquisition of a company; For this purpose, interviews and surveys were carried out with financial managers and senior financial analysts who have participated in some process of acquisition in the temporal scope of this investigation. The interviews were transcribed in the format of the surveys so that later they are codified and normalized according to the methodology defined for the analysis and interpretation of the results. The results of the investigation showed that the most used valuation methodology is the Discounted Cash Flow or Discounted Cash Flow, likewise, it was found that more than one valuation methodology is used to approximate the value of a company, likewise, The following success factors were identified to evaluate the performance of a post-acquisition valuation: (a) variation of projected flows versus actual flows, (b) return on investment, (c) increase in the value of companies (acquired and acquiring ), (d) increase in profits and dividends. It was also found that the valuation of the synergies is the main determining factor for the purchase of a company. Keywords: Valorization, Good Practices, Acquisitions, BVL
The purpose of this research is to publicize the Best Financial Practices for the valuation of four companies listed on the Lima stock exchange. This paper presents the results of a descriptive study, whose objective was to identify the valuation practices used by Peruvian companies that made acquisitions in the period 2014 - 2017, for this purpose four leading companies of the industrial sector were selected, taking as reference the Merco ranking, benchmark corporate monitor in Latin America and Spain; and that are listed on the Lima Stock Exchange. The scope of this research is aimed at identifying good valuation practices in the framework of the acquisition of companies, focused on two fronts: Most used valuation methodology, and the success factors that are taken into account to recognize the good performance of a post-acquisition valorization, in the same way, the findings of this work give light of the determining role that the valorization of companies has in the Feasibility assessment of the acquisition of a company; For this purpose, interviews and surveys were carried out with financial managers and senior financial analysts who have participated in some process of acquisition in the temporal scope of this investigation. The interviews were transcribed in the format of the surveys so that later they are codified and normalized according to the methodology defined for the analysis and interpretation of the results. The results of the investigation showed that the most used valuation methodology is the Discounted Cash Flow or Discounted Cash Flow, likewise, it was found that more than one valuation methodology is used to approximate the value of a company, likewise, The following success factors were identified to evaluate the performance of a post-acquisition valuation: (a) variation of projected flows versus actual flows, (b) return on investment, (c) increase in the value of companies (acquired and acquiring ), (d) increase in profits and dividends. It was also found that the valuation of the synergies is the main determining factor for the purchase of a company. Keywords: Valorization, Good Practices, Acquisitions, BVL
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Valor--Finanzas--Perú, Investigación cualitativa
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