Factores que contribuyen o limitan la sostenibilidad del proyecto inclusión digital implementado por CEDRO entre el 2012 y 2017 en la región Huánuco
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Date
2022-01-21
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer los factores que contribuyeron o
limitaron la sostenibilidad del Proyecto Inclusión Digital (PID), ejecutado por
CEDRO durante los años 2012-2017 en la Región Huánuco, analizando: a) las
estrategias implementadas para promover el uso de servicios digitales; b) la
participación de los actores clave para alcanzar sus objetivos y asegurar la
sostenibilidad; y c) el aporte de los telecentros en época de COVID-19, todo esto
con el fin de proponer recomendaciones y una propuesta de mejora.
La investigación es cualitativa con la aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas
semiestructuradas. La muestra de las encuestas estuvo conformada por 194
usuarios de telecentros en los ámbitos de seis telecentros de la región Huánuco:
Hermilio Valdizán, La Morada, Las Palmas, Palo de Acero, Paraíso y Sachavaca.
Adicionalmente se entrevistó a diez personas de las cuales seis fueron agentes
comunitarios y cuatro representantes de CEDRO.
Como principales hallazgos se encontró que los telecentros han sido importantes
para las localidades donde se instalaron, pues han contribuido a que la mayor
parte de los pobladores incorporen herramientas digitales útiles para sus vidas
cotidianas dejando de lado la exclusión digital y acercándolos cada vez más a la
“ciudadanía digital”. Los sujetos de derecho mencionan que los telecentros,
además, han influenciado positivamente los procesos productivos, comerciales y
de servicios, así como el acceso a oportunidades educativas, laborales,
informativas y comunicacionales, con ahorros de tiempo y dinero.
Si bien la mayor parte de los telecentros continuó funcionando una vez
transferidos a las municipalidades, algunos tuvieron dificultades. La sostenibilidad
de los telecentros se apoyó sobre cuatro pilares: a) la voluntad política de las
autoridades municipales; b) el mantenimiento de un paquete de servicios
adecuado a las necesidades poblacionales; c) la veeduría de la población a través
de los comités de aliados; y d) el soporte técnico que sigue brindando CEDRO.
Aunque los telecentros no fueron diseñados para operar en épocas de
inestabilidad o emergencia, como la pandemia de COVID-19, pasados los
primeros meses, los telecentros retomaron su accionar ofreciendo a la población
la posibilidad de contar con un espacio de soporte tecnológico para alternativas
educativas, comerciales, financieras y comunicacionales aportando al desarrollo
personal, familiar y comunitario.
The objective of this study is to know the factors that contributed or limited the sustainability of the Digital Inclusion Project (PID), executed by CEDRO during the years 2012-2017 in the Huánuco Region, analyzing: a) the strategies implemented to promote the use of digital services; b) the participation of key stakeholders to achieve its objectives and ensure sustainability; and c) the contribution of telecentres in the time of COVID-19, all this in order to propose recommendations and a proposal for improvement. The research is qualitative with the application of surveys and semi-structured interviews. The survey sample consisted of 194 telecentre users in the areas of six telecentres in the Huánuco region: Hermilio Valdizán, La Morada, Las Palmas, Palo de Acero, Paraíso and Sachavaca. Additionally, ten people were interviewed, six of whom were community agents and four were CEDRO representatives. As the main findings, it was found that telecentres have been important for the localities where they were installed, since they have contributed to the incorporation of digital tools useful for the daily lives for most of the inhabitants, putting aside digital exclusion and bringing them closer and closer to the "Digital citizenship". The subjects of law mention that telecentres have also positively influenced production, commercial and service processes, as well as access to educational, employment, informational and communication opportunities, with savings of time and money. Although most of the telecentres continued to operate once transferred to the municipalities, some had difficulties. The sustainability of the telecentres was based on four pillars: a) the political will of the municipal authorities; b) the maintenance of a package of services adapted to the needs of the population; c) the oversight of the population through the committees of allies; and d) the technical support that CEDRO continues to provide. Although the telecentres were not designed to operate in times of instability or emergency, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, after the first months, the telecentres resumed their operations offering the population the possibility of having a technological support space for educational, commercial, financial and communicational alternatives contributing to personal, family and community development.
The objective of this study is to know the factors that contributed or limited the sustainability of the Digital Inclusion Project (PID), executed by CEDRO during the years 2012-2017 in the Huánuco Region, analyzing: a) the strategies implemented to promote the use of digital services; b) the participation of key stakeholders to achieve its objectives and ensure sustainability; and c) the contribution of telecentres in the time of COVID-19, all this in order to propose recommendations and a proposal for improvement. The research is qualitative with the application of surveys and semi-structured interviews. The survey sample consisted of 194 telecentre users in the areas of six telecentres in the Huánuco region: Hermilio Valdizán, La Morada, Las Palmas, Palo de Acero, Paraíso and Sachavaca. Additionally, ten people were interviewed, six of whom were community agents and four were CEDRO representatives. As the main findings, it was found that telecentres have been important for the localities where they were installed, since they have contributed to the incorporation of digital tools useful for the daily lives for most of the inhabitants, putting aside digital exclusion and bringing them closer and closer to the "Digital citizenship". The subjects of law mention that telecentres have also positively influenced production, commercial and service processes, as well as access to educational, employment, informational and communication opportunities, with savings of time and money. Although most of the telecentres continued to operate once transferred to the municipalities, some had difficulties. The sustainability of the telecentres was based on four pillars: a) the political will of the municipal authorities; b) the maintenance of a package of services adapted to the needs of the population; c) the oversight of the population through the committees of allies; and d) the technical support that CEDRO continues to provide. Although the telecentres were not designed to operate in times of instability or emergency, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, after the first months, the telecentres resumed their operations offering the population the possibility of having a technological support space for educational, commercial, financial and communicational alternatives contributing to personal, family and community development.
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Keywords
COVID-19 (Enfermedad), Proyectos sociales--Perú--Huánuco, Exclusión social, Tecnología de la información, Organizaciones sin fines de lucro
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