Polarimetric measurements of single-photon geometric phases
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Date
2017
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Reportamos medidas polarimétricas de fases geométricas que son generadas por
evoluciones de fotones polarizados a lo largo de trayectorias no geodésicas en la
esfera de Poincaré. La esencia de nuestro arreglo polarimétrico está en las siete
láminas retardadoras que son atravesadas por un haz de fotones individuales. Con
este arreglo, cualquier transformaci on SU(2) puede ser realizada. Explotando la
invarianza Gauge de las fases geom etricas bajo transformaciones locales U(1), anulamos
la contribución dinámica a la fase total, de este modo haciendo que la última
coincida con la fase geométrica. Demostramos la insensibilidad de nuestro arreglo
bajo distintas fuentes de ruido. Esto hace del arreglo polarimétrico de fotones individuales
una herramienta versátil y prometedora para probar la robustez de la fase
geométrica frente al ruido.
We report polarimetric measurements of geometric phases that are generated by evolving polarized photons along nongeodesic trajectories on the Poincar e sphere. The core of our polarimetric array consists of seven wave plates that are traversed by a single-photon beam. With this array, any SU(2) transformation can be realized. By exploiting the gauge invariance of geometric phases under U(1) local transformations, we nullify the dynamical contribution to the total phase, thereby making the latter coincide with the geometric phase. We demonstrate our arrangement to be insensitive to various sources of noise entering it. This makes the single-beam, polarimetric array a promising, versatile tool for testing robustness of geometric phases against noise.
We report polarimetric measurements of geometric phases that are generated by evolving polarized photons along nongeodesic trajectories on the Poincar e sphere. The core of our polarimetric array consists of seven wave plates that are traversed by a single-photon beam. With this array, any SU(2) transformation can be realized. By exploiting the gauge invariance of geometric phases under U(1) local transformations, we nullify the dynamical contribution to the total phase, thereby making the latter coincide with the geometric phase. We demonstrate our arrangement to be insensitive to various sources of noise entering it. This makes the single-beam, polarimetric array a promising, versatile tool for testing robustness of geometric phases against noise.
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Polarización (Física nuclear), Interferometría, Óptica cuántica
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