Fomo, compromiso con las redes sociales, necesidades psicológicas básicas y bienestar subjetivo en universitarios
Date
2023-04-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El FOMO o miedo a perderse experiencias potencialmente gratas ha cobrado interés debido al
acelerado avance tecnológico. Por ello, esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar al
FOMO como variable mediadora que vincula la Satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas
básicas y el Bienestar subjetivo (variables antecedentes) con el Compromiso con las redes
sociales (variable de salida). Ello basado en el modelo planteado por Przybylski et al. (2013).
La muestra estuvo compuesta por 406 universitarios peruanos y se empleó instrumentos con
apropiadas características psicométricas: Escala Fear of missing out (FOMO) (Przybylski et
al., 2013), Cuestionario de Compromiso con las redes sociales (SMEQ) (Przybylski et al.,
2013), Escala de Satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas (ESFNPB) (Chen et al.,
2015), Escala de Satisfacción con la vida (ESV) (Diener et al., 1985) y Escala del afecto
positivo y negativo (PANAS) (Watson et al., 1988) . El modelo de mediación usó la estrategia
de análisis de Preacher y Hayes (2008) a través de regresiones jerárquicas que controlaron las
variables de edad y sexo. El análisis general reportó que el efecto indirecto de las variables
antecedentes mediadas por el FOMO representa el 14.7% del Compromiso con las redes
sociales en la muestra. Adicionalmente, se constató diferencias significativas en los niveles
FOMO entre los estudiantes de las carreras de Letras y Ciencias, siendo los primeros quienes
la experimentaron más. Así, esta investigación ha permitido visibilizar el FOMO en
universitarios peruanos y ha brindado un nuevo enfoque para comprender cómo las personas
se relacionan con las plataformas virtuales.
FOMO or fear of missing out potentially pleasing experiences has gained relevance for its close relationship with social networks. Therefore, this study aims to approach the FOMO as a mediator variable that relates Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Subjective Wellbeing (antecedent variables) with Social Media Engagement (output variable). This model is based on the propose of Przybylski et al., (2013). The research sample was 406 Peruvian university students. The instruments used for the measurement had optimal psychometric characteristics: Fear of missing out Scale (FOMO) (Przybylski et al., 2013), Social Media Engagement Questionnaire (SMEQ) (Przybylski et al., 2013), Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS) (Chen et al., 2015), Satisfaction with Life Scale (ESV) (Diener et al., 1985) and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANA) (Watson et al., 1988). The model used the analysis strategy proposed by Preacher and Hayes (2008) through hierarchical regressions that controlled for the variables of age and sex. General analysis reported that the indirect effect of the antecedent variables mediated by the FOMO represents 14.7% of the Social Media Engagement in the sample. Additionally, differences in FOMO levels were found between students of Letters and Sciences degrees, the former being the ones who experienced it the most. This research has made FOMO visible in Peruvian university students and has provided a new approach to understand how people relate to virtual platforms.
FOMO or fear of missing out potentially pleasing experiences has gained relevance for its close relationship with social networks. Therefore, this study aims to approach the FOMO as a mediator variable that relates Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Subjective Wellbeing (antecedent variables) with Social Media Engagement (output variable). This model is based on the propose of Przybylski et al., (2013). The research sample was 406 Peruvian university students. The instruments used for the measurement had optimal psychometric characteristics: Fear of missing out Scale (FOMO) (Przybylski et al., 2013), Social Media Engagement Questionnaire (SMEQ) (Przybylski et al., 2013), Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS) (Chen et al., 2015), Satisfaction with Life Scale (ESV) (Diener et al., 1985) and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANA) (Watson et al., 1988). The model used the analysis strategy proposed by Preacher and Hayes (2008) through hierarchical regressions that controlled for the variables of age and sex. General analysis reported that the indirect effect of the antecedent variables mediated by the FOMO represents 14.7% of the Social Media Engagement in the sample. Additionally, differences in FOMO levels were found between students of Letters and Sciences degrees, the former being the ones who experienced it the most. This research has made FOMO visible in Peruvian university students and has provided a new approach to understand how people relate to virtual platforms.
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Keywords
Internet y juventud--Perú--Aspectos psicológicos, Universitarios--Redes sociales--Investigaciones, Fobia social
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