Análisis de la relación de las inversiones sociales en la rentabilidad financiera de las empresas mineras incluidas en el Índice S&P/BVL Peru General durante el periodo 2015-2023
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo general evaluar de qué manera las inversiones sociales se relacionan con la rentabilidad financiera de las empresas mineras incluidas en el Índice S&P/BVL Peru General durante el periodo 2015-2023. Este estudio se fundamenta en la necesidad de comprender y analizar el vínculo que existe entre las inversiones sociales y la rentabilidad en empresas del sector minero, debido a que es uno de los más significativos y regulados en la economía peruana. Por consiguiente, las empresas privadas buscan implementar estrategias sostenibles enfocadas en la comunidad y el ambiente con el objetivo de garantizar que sus actividades productivas no generen un impacto perjudicial. Para ello, las bases teóricas utilizadas son la Teoría de la Señalización y la Teoría de los Stakeholders. Asimismo, esta investigación es aplicada con un enfoque cuantitativo y diseño no experimental. La muestra fue seleccionada de manera dirigida, de forma que se determinó 3 empresas que cumplieran con lo siguiente: empresas del sector minero incluidas en el Índice S&P/BVL Peru General que cuenten con información publicada en el Terminal Bloomberg concerniente a los EEFF consolidados y a las inversiones sociales incurridos con periodicidad anual. Los resultados de la investigación determinan que existe una relación positiva y significativa entre las inversiones sociales y la rentabilidad financiera de las empresas mineras en el caso del ROA y ROE. Sin embargo, los resultados del indicador de Rentabilidad Neta no son significativos estadísticamente. La conclusión principal es que existe una relación parcial entre las inversiones sociales y la rentabilidad financiera de las mineras mencionadas durante el periodo seleccionado.
The aim of this research is to evaluate how social investments are related to financial profitability of mining companies listed in the S&P/BVL Peru General Index over the period 2015-2023. This research is based on the need to understand and analize the relationship between social investments and profitability of companies in the mining industry, due to the prominence of this sector and the high level of regulation it faces in the Peruvian economy. Therefore, private companies pursue the implementation of sustainable strategies focused on the community and the environment to guarantee that their productive activities do not have any detrimental effect. For this purpose, the theoretical frameworks employed are Signaling Theory and Stakeholder Theory. Moreover, this is an applied research study with a quantitative approach and a non-experimental design. The sample was determined using purposive sampling, selecting 3 companies that satisfied the following criteria: mining companies listed in the S&P/BVL Peru General Index which data on consolidated financial statements and incurred social investments are annually reported on the Bloomberg Terminal. Results obtained reveal a statistically significant positive relationship between social investments and financial profitability of mining companies in the cases of ROA and ROE indicators. Nonetheless, the results of the Net Profitability indicator are not statistically significant. The key finding of the study is the existence of a partial relationship between social investments and financial profitability of the mining companies under consideration over the selected period.
The aim of this research is to evaluate how social investments are related to financial profitability of mining companies listed in the S&P/BVL Peru General Index over the period 2015-2023. This research is based on the need to understand and analize the relationship between social investments and profitability of companies in the mining industry, due to the prominence of this sector and the high level of regulation it faces in the Peruvian economy. Therefore, private companies pursue the implementation of sustainable strategies focused on the community and the environment to guarantee that their productive activities do not have any detrimental effect. For this purpose, the theoretical frameworks employed are Signaling Theory and Stakeholder Theory. Moreover, this is an applied research study with a quantitative approach and a non-experimental design. The sample was determined using purposive sampling, selecting 3 companies that satisfied the following criteria: mining companies listed in the S&P/BVL Peru General Index which data on consolidated financial statements and incurred social investments are annually reported on the Bloomberg Terminal. Results obtained reveal a statistically significant positive relationship between social investments and financial profitability of mining companies in the cases of ROA and ROE indicators. Nonetheless, the results of the Net Profitability indicator are not statistically significant. The key finding of the study is the existence of a partial relationship between social investments and financial profitability of the mining companies under consideration over the selected period.
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Responsabilidad social de las empresas, Inversiones--Rentabilidad, Industria minera--Finanzas--Perú
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