Estrategias docentes para el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas vinculadas a la resolución de conflictos en el aula de primaria
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Date
2025-02-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La convivencia escolar es cada día más compleja. Las aulas cuentan con mayor
diversidad, sumado al contexto de retorno de los niños y niñas a las aulas
presenciales, luego de la pandemia por la COVID-19, que implicó un largo periodo de
confinamiento y limitada interacción social. Por ello, prima fortalecer las competencias
ciudadanas para saber afrontar conflictos desde las aulas. La investigación examina
las estrategias docentes para apoyar el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas en la
resolución de conflictos, de niños de primer grado de primaria mediante la pregunta:
¿Cómo son las estrategias docentes para el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas
en la resolución de conflictos en el aula de primer grado de primaria de una escuela
privada de Lima Metropolitana? Por ello, el objetivo principal es analizar las
estrategias que emplean los docentes en contextos de conflicto escolares. La
metodología empleada es cualitativa de tipo descriptivo, a través de la aplicación de
entrevistas y observación no participante. Los resultados del estudio demuestran que
las docentes emplean al menos una estrategia de los 3 tipos de estrategia:
organizacional-participativa, emocional y gestora para la resolución de conflictos en
el aula. Además, se infiere que una estrategia docente puede promover el desarrollo
de más de una competencia ciudadana para la resolución de conflictos, dependiendo
de la ejecución que guíe la docente. Asimismo, se evidencia que todas las estrategias
aplicadas en el estudio promueven la competencia de resiliencia, necesaria para
regular la frustración propia del grupo etario de las aulas de primer grado de primaria.
School life is becoming more complex every day. The classrooms have greater diversity, added to the context of children's return to face-to-face classrooms, after the COVID-19 pandemic, which implied a long period of confinement and limited social interaction. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen citizen skills to know how to face conflicts from the classrooms. The research examines teaching strategies to support the development of citizenship competencies in conflict resolution in first grade primary school children through the question: What are the teaching strategies for the development of citizenship competencies in conflict resolution in the classroom? first grade of primary school at a private school in Metropolitan Lima? Therefore, the main objective is to analyze the strategies that teachers use in contexts of school conflict. The methodology used is qualitative and descriptive, through the application of interviews and non-participant observation. The results of the study show that teachers use at least one of the 3 types of strategies: organizational-participatory, emotional and managerial to resolve conflicts in the classroom. Furthermore, it is inferred that a teaching strategy can promote the development of more than one citizen competence for conflict resolution, depending on the execution guided by the teacher. Likewise, it is evident that all the strategies applied in the study promote resilience competence, necessary to regulate the frustration typical of the age group in first grade primary classrooms.
School life is becoming more complex every day. The classrooms have greater diversity, added to the context of children's return to face-to-face classrooms, after the COVID-19 pandemic, which implied a long period of confinement and limited social interaction. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen citizen skills to know how to face conflicts from the classrooms. The research examines teaching strategies to support the development of citizenship competencies in conflict resolution in first grade primary school children through the question: What are the teaching strategies for the development of citizenship competencies in conflict resolution in the classroom? first grade of primary school at a private school in Metropolitan Lima? Therefore, the main objective is to analyze the strategies that teachers use in contexts of school conflict. The methodology used is qualitative and descriptive, through the application of interviews and non-participant observation. The results of the study show that teachers use at least one of the 3 types of strategies: organizational-participatory, emotional and managerial to resolve conflicts in the classroom. Furthermore, it is inferred that a teaching strategy can promote the development of more than one citizen competence for conflict resolution, depending on the execution guided by the teacher. Likewise, it is evident that all the strategies applied in the study promote resilience competence, necessary to regulate the frustration typical of the age group in first grade primary classrooms.
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Educación basada en competencias, Solución de conflictos--Educación, Educación ciudadana, Aprendizaje (Educación), Educación primaria--Investigaciones--Perú
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