Deficiente abastecimiento de la Base de Datos de Incriminados – DIRCRI PNP, para identificación de presuntos autores, que afecta la eficacia de la investigación policial en Lima Metropolitana, periodo 2020-2023
Fecha
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
La identificación policial es uno de servicios fundamentales dentro de las organizaciones policiales
a lo largo de su desarrollo institucional. En el Perú, esta función es llevada a cabo históricamente por las
oficinas de criminalística de la policía peruana, en la actualidad, por la Dirección de Criminalística de la
Policía Nacional del Perú (PNP). Para sostener la identificación policial, las policías han cultivado dentro
de las ciencias criminalísticas a la dactiloscopia y el registro de datos biométricos. En la actualidad, la
identificación policial se ha modernizado gracias al Sistema Automático de Identificación Dactilar (AFIS),
un sistema que digitaliza y automatiza los procesos realizados por el personal policial en general, y los
peritos criminalísticos, en especial.
Sin embargo, la implementación del AFIS policial en el Perú ha atravesado diversas dificultades y
desafíos que han impedido su desempeño eficaz. Uno de estos es el deficiente abastecimiento del registro
de datos biométricos, esto es, la suministración de nuevos datos biométricos de las personas en contacto
con la policía. Este proceso es denominado enrolamiento, caracterizado por llevarse a cabo de manera física
y presencial, es decir, requiere del traslado físico de la persona en contacto con la policía hacia las oficinas
de criminalística donde se encuentre instalado las estaciones AFIS. Debido a esta naturaleza presencial, el
proceso de enrolamiento atraviesa serias dificultades logísticas, sea por la distancia como por la demanda
de recursos que demanda cada caso de traslado físico, que se agravan cuando la información biométrica es
clave como medio probatorio para la investigación policial del delito en la identificación de sujetos
sospechosos o personas incriminadas. En escenarios de alta criminalidad con delincuentes reincidentes en
delitos de alto impacto, la falta de información biométrica contribuye negativamente al incremento de la
impunidad percibida por la delincuencia organizada y el público.
Ante ello, para lograr un mejor proceso de enrolamiento de personas en contacto con la policía, en
especial, de las personas incriminadas, es conveniente digitalizar este proceso para optimizar y superar el
traslado físico que demanda. Para tal efecto, la Dirección de Criminalística PNP deberá poner en práctica
el Módulo de Gestión Digital de la Información para el Enrolamiento, Identificación y Consultas de Incriminados (MOGEDIECI), que implica la gestión digital de la información biométrica y programas de
capacitación hacia el personal policial usuario, para lograr transformar las prácticas policiales de enrolar
para la identificación policial. De esta forma, se atiende sobre todo al fortalecimiento de las redes de
usuarios, al lado del software y hardware necesario para el sostenimiento de la innovación policial.
Se debe advertir, que esta solución innovadora tiene un alineamiento fuerte con el Sistema de
Denuncias Policiales (SIDPOL), garantizando su implementación y sostenibilidad como software mediante
la instalación de una plataforma nueva para la gestión digital de la información biométrica como un módulo
dentro del SIDPOL. De tal modo, ya que el SIDPOL se encuentra instalado en todas las comisarías, como
su versión para la investigación criminal como Sistema de Registro de Denuncias de Investigación Criminal
(SIRDIC) en los departamentos de investigación criminal, no es necesario a su vez la expansión o
instalación de estaciones físicas, denotando las fortalezas de la solución como una intervención diseñada a
la medida de la policía peruana.
Police identification is a fundamental service within police organizations throughout their institutional development. In Peru, this function is historically carried out by the criminalistics offices of the Peruvian police, currently, by the Directorate of Criminalistics of the National Police of Peru (PNP). To support police identification, the police have cultivated dactyloscopy and the recording of biometric data within the criminalistic sciences. Currently, police identification has been modernized thanks to the Automatic Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS), a system that digitizes and automates the processes carried out by police personnel in general, and criminalistics experts, in particular. However, the implementation of police AFIS in Peru has faced various difficulties and challenges that have prevented its effective performance. One of these is the deficient supply of the biometric data registry, that is, the supply of new biometric data of people in contact with the police. This process is called enrollment, characterized by being carried out physically and in person, that is, it requires the physical transfer of the person in contact with the police to the criminalistics offices where the AFIS stations are installed. Due to this face-to-face nature, the enrollment process goes through serious logistical difficulties, whether due to distance or the demand for resources demanded by each case of physical transfer, which are aggravated when biometric information is key as evidence for the police investigation of the crime in the identification of suspects or incriminated persons. In scenarios of high crime with repeat offenders in high-impact crimes, the lack of biometric information contributes negatively to the increase in impunity perceived by organized crime and the public. Therefore, to achieve a better process of enrolling people in contact with the police, especially incriminated people, it is convenient to digitize this process to optimize and overcome the physical transfer it demands. For this purpose, the PNP Criminalistics Directorate should implement the Digital Information Management System for the Enrollment, Identification and Consultation of the Inculpated (MOGEDIECI), which implies the digital management of biometric information and training programs for user police personnel, to achieve transform police practices of enrolling for police identification. In this way, attention is paid above all to the strengthening of user networks, along with the software and hardware necessary to support police innovation. It should be noted that this innovative solution has a strong alignment with the Police Complaint System (SIDPOL), guaranteeing its implementation and sustainability as software through the installation of a new platform for the digital management of biometric information as a module within SIDPOL. In this way, since SIDPOL is installed in all police stations, as its version for criminal investigation as the Criminal Investigation Complaint Registration System (SIRDIC) in the criminal investigation departments, the expansion or installation of physical stations is not necessary in turn, denoting the strengths of the solution as an intervention designed to measure the Peruvian police.
Police identification is a fundamental service within police organizations throughout their institutional development. In Peru, this function is historically carried out by the criminalistics offices of the Peruvian police, currently, by the Directorate of Criminalistics of the National Police of Peru (PNP). To support police identification, the police have cultivated dactyloscopy and the recording of biometric data within the criminalistic sciences. Currently, police identification has been modernized thanks to the Automatic Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS), a system that digitizes and automates the processes carried out by police personnel in general, and criminalistics experts, in particular. However, the implementation of police AFIS in Peru has faced various difficulties and challenges that have prevented its effective performance. One of these is the deficient supply of the biometric data registry, that is, the supply of new biometric data of people in contact with the police. This process is called enrollment, characterized by being carried out physically and in person, that is, it requires the physical transfer of the person in contact with the police to the criminalistics offices where the AFIS stations are installed. Due to this face-to-face nature, the enrollment process goes through serious logistical difficulties, whether due to distance or the demand for resources demanded by each case of physical transfer, which are aggravated when biometric information is key as evidence for the police investigation of the crime in the identification of suspects or incriminated persons. In scenarios of high crime with repeat offenders in high-impact crimes, the lack of biometric information contributes negatively to the increase in impunity perceived by organized crime and the public. Therefore, to achieve a better process of enrolling people in contact with the police, especially incriminated people, it is convenient to digitize this process to optimize and overcome the physical transfer it demands. For this purpose, the PNP Criminalistics Directorate should implement the Digital Information Management System for the Enrollment, Identification and Consultation of the Inculpated (MOGEDIECI), which implies the digital management of biometric information and training programs for user police personnel, to achieve transform police practices of enrolling for police identification. In this way, attention is paid above all to the strengthening of user networks, along with the software and hardware necessary to support police innovation. It should be noted that this innovative solution has a strong alignment with the Police Complaint System (SIDPOL), guaranteeing its implementation and sustainability as software through the installation of a new platform for the digital management of biometric information as a module within SIDPOL. In this way, since SIDPOL is installed in all police stations, as its version for criminal investigation as the Criminal Investigation Complaint Registration System (SIRDIC) in the criminal investigation departments, the expansion or installation of physical stations is not necessary in turn, denoting the strengths of the solution as an intervention designed to measure the Peruvian police.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Criminalística, Delincuentes--Identificación--Perú, Gestión de información, Policía Nacional (Perú)--Organización
Citación
Colecciones
item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
Licencia Creative Commons
Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
