Estudio de la situación de la gestión de equipos médicos en Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud del Perú en 2025
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La ingeniería clínica es la disciplina que aplica principios de la ingeniería y la gestión
para asegurar el uso seguro, eficiente y costo-efectivo de las tecnologías en salud.
Dentro de este campo, la gestión de equipos médicos constituye uno de sus ejes
centrales, al ser un componente estratégico para garantizar la calidad de la atención, la
seguridad del paciente y la sostenibilidad operativa de las Instituciones Prestadoras de
Servicios de Salud (IPRESS). En el Perú, este proceso presenta una alta variabilidad
debido a diferencias en modelos de gestión, estructuras organizacionales, recursos
disponibles y niveles de especialización técnica. En este contexto, el presente estudio
analiza la situación actual de la gestión de equipos médicos en las IPRESS del país
durante el año 2025, con el fin de identificar brechas, prácticas consolidadas y
oportunidades de mejora.
La investigación se desarrolló bajo un diseño mixto secuencial exploratorio. En la
primera fase, se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura técnica, normativa y
científica proveniente de organismos internacionales. Este análisis permitió definir el
marco conceptual y los componentes críticos del ciclo de vida de los equipos médicos:
evaluación y planeamiento, adquisición, recepción, sostenimiento y disposición final.
En la segunda fase, se elaboró y validó un cuestionario de evaluación dirigido a
profesionales responsables de la gestión de equipos médicos en IPRESS de los sectores
público y privado. La validación incluyó juicio de expertos en Ingeniería Clínica,
prueba piloto y ajustes metodológicos. Posteriormente, se aplicó el cuestionario a nivel
nacional.
Los resultados evidencian una marcada heterogeneidad entre sectores y regiones,
limitaciones en planificación y sostenimiento, y oportunidades relevantes en
capacitación, estandarización de procesos, uso de sistemas de gestión y fortalecimiento
del rol del ingeniero clínico. El estudio propone líneas de mejora que pueden servir de
referencia para políticas, inversiones y estrategias institucionales orientadas a optimizar
la gestión de equipos médicos en el Perú.
Clinical engineering is the discipline that applies engineering and management principles to ensure the safe, efficient, and cost-effective use of health technologies. Within this field, medical equipment management constitutes one of its core pillars, as it is a strategic component for ensuring quality of care, patient safety, and the operational sustainability of Healthcare Service Provider Institutions (IPRESS). In Peru, this process exhibits high variability due to differences in management models, organizational structures, available resources, and levels of technical specialization. In this context, the present study analyzes the current status of medical equipment management in IPRESS nationwide during the year 2025, with the aim of identifying gaps, established practices, and opportunities for improvement. The research was conducted using a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design. In the first phase, a systematic review of technical, regulatory, and scientific literature from international organizations was carried out. This analysis enabled the definition of the conceptual framework and the critical components of the medical equipment life cycle: assessment and planning, acquisition, reception, sustainment, and end-of-life disposal. In the second phase, an evaluation questionnaire was developed and validated for professionals responsible for medical equipment management in public and private IPRESS. Validation included expert judgment in Clinical Engineering, pilot testing, and methodological adjustments. Subsequently, the questionnaire was administered nationwide. The results reveal marked heterogeneity across sectors and regions, limitations in planning and sustainment processes, and significant opportunities for improvement in training, process standardization, use of management systems, and strengthening the role of the clinical engineer. The study proposes improvement lines that may serve as a reference for policies, investments, and institutional strategies aimed at optimizing medical equipment management in Peru.
Clinical engineering is the discipline that applies engineering and management principles to ensure the safe, efficient, and cost-effective use of health technologies. Within this field, medical equipment management constitutes one of its core pillars, as it is a strategic component for ensuring quality of care, patient safety, and the operational sustainability of Healthcare Service Provider Institutions (IPRESS). In Peru, this process exhibits high variability due to differences in management models, organizational structures, available resources, and levels of technical specialization. In this context, the present study analyzes the current status of medical equipment management in IPRESS nationwide during the year 2025, with the aim of identifying gaps, established practices, and opportunities for improvement. The research was conducted using a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design. In the first phase, a systematic review of technical, regulatory, and scientific literature from international organizations was carried out. This analysis enabled the definition of the conceptual framework and the critical components of the medical equipment life cycle: assessment and planning, acquisition, reception, sustainment, and end-of-life disposal. In the second phase, an evaluation questionnaire was developed and validated for professionals responsible for medical equipment management in public and private IPRESS. Validation included expert judgment in Clinical Engineering, pilot testing, and methodological adjustments. Subsequently, the questionnaire was administered nationwide. The results reveal marked heterogeneity across sectors and regions, limitations in planning and sustainment processes, and significant opportunities for improvement in training, process standardization, use of management systems, and strengthening the role of the clinical engineer. The study proposes improvement lines that may serve as a reference for policies, investments, and institutional strategies aimed at optimizing medical equipment management in Peru.
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Tecnología médica, Ingeniería biomédica, Medicina--Aparatos e instrumentos--Administración, Política de salud--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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